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Downscaling With Constructed Analogues: Daily Precipitation and Temperature Fields Over The United States
(2008-01)Daily precipitation and average temperature patterns for the contiguous United States were downscaled from a 2.5 x 2.5 degree (coarse) resolution grid to a 1/8 x 1/8 degree (fine) resolution grid using a constructed‐analogues ... -
Dracontia, the little-known dragon orchids
(2011-09)The dragon orchids (genus Dracontia) represent a small group of mostly Central American species in the Pleurothallidinae. Their relatively large, uniquely shaped and diversely ornate flowers set them apart from their close ... -
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya spp. Isolated from Microbial Mats in Miravalles Thermal Spring, Costa Rica
(2021)We report the draft genome sequences of Leptolyngbya sp. strain 7M and Leptolyngbya sp. strain 15MV, isolated from Miravalles Thermal Spring, Costa Rica. The thermophilic cyanobacteria exhibit unique diversity features ... -
Drinking as an epidemic - a simple mathematical model with recovery and relapse
(2007)This chapter discusses a simple mathematical model of drinking lapse. Problem drinking is modeled as an acquired state - the result of frequent or intense interactions among individuals in three drinking states within a ... -
Drone-based hyperspectral and thermal imagery for quantifying upland rice productivity and water use efficiency after biochar application
(2021-05-11)Miniature hyperspectral and thermal cameras onboard lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) bring new opportunities for monitoring land surface variables at unprecedented fine spatial resolution with acceptable accuracy. ... -
Dry-season leaf flushing of Enterolobium cyclocarpum (ear-pod tree): above- and belowground phenology and water relations
(2007-11)Above- and belowground phenology and water relations of Enterolobium cyclocarpum Jacq. trees in the dry forest of Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica were studied during two consecutive phenological cycles, from November ... -
Drying kinetics as Tool for the Assessment of Dynamic Porosity of Catalyst-Support Materials
(2018)Critical drying fraction data (xc) were obtained for a series of porous materials, frequently used as supports for heterogeneous catalysts. This kinetic parameter correlates well with the secondorder rate constants for ... -
Dual Function of Chip Calls Depending on Changing Call Rate Related to Risk Level in Territorial Pairs of White-Eared Ground-Sparrows
(2017-03)Different mechanisms have been proposed for encoding information into vocalizations: variation of frequency or temporal characteristics, variation in the rate of vocalization production, and use of different vocalization ... -
Duckweeds (Araceae: Lemnoideae) growing on wet, vertical rocks behind a waterfall in Costa Rica, with a new country record of Wolffiella oblonga (Phil.) Hegelm.
(2019)A large colony of duckweeds (Araceae: Lemnoideae) grows on the constantly wet, vertical wall of the rock shelter behind the Llanos de Cortés waterfall of the Potrero River, Guanacaste province, Costa Rica, the first such ... -
Dye‐sensitized Devices: Photovoltaic and Photoelectrolytic Applications
(2018-11)Dye‐sensitized approach along with stability and surface robustness in titanium dioxide (TiO2) against photocorrosion and degradation has been widely studied and applied in several important applications. This chapter ... -
DynACof: A process-based model to study growth, yield and ecosystem services of coffee agroforestry systems
(2020)The DynACof model was designed to model coffee agroforestry systems and study the trade-offs to e.g. optimize the system facing climate changes. The model simulates net primary productivity (NPP), growth, yield, mortality, ... -
Dynamical delimitation of the Central American Dry Corridor (CADC) using drought indices and aridity values
(2019)The Central American Dry Corridor (CADC) is a sub-region in the isthmus that is relatively drier than the rest of the territory. Traditional delineations of the CADC’s boundaries start at the Pacific coast of southern ... -
Dynamical downscaling of historical climate over CORDEX Central America domain with a regionally coupled atmosphere–ocean model
(2018-08)The climate in Mexico and Central America is influenced by the Pacific and the Atlantic oceanic basins and atmospheric conditions over continental North and South America. These factors and important ocean–atmosphere coupled ... -
Dynamical theory for the battery's electromotive force
(2021-03-23)We propose a dynamical theory of how the chemical energy stored in a battery generates the electromotive force (emf). In this picture, the battery's half-cell acts as an engine, cyclically extracting work from its underlying ... -
Dynamics in benthic community composition and influencing factors in an upwelling-exposed coral reef on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica
(2015-11-24)Seasonal upwelling at the northern Pacific coast of Costa Rica offers the opportunity to investigate the effects of pronounced changes in key water parameters on fine-scale dynamics of local coral reef communities. This ... -
Early diverging lineages within Cryptomycota and Chytridiomycota dominate the fungal communities in ice-covered lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
(2017-11)Antarctic ice-covered lakes are exceptional sites for studying the ecology of aquatic fungi under conditions of minimal human disturbance. In this study, we explored the diversity and community composition of fungi in five ... -
Eastern Pacific
(2017)In the Eastern Pacific (EP) the only region where rhodolith beds have been well studied in terms of taxonomy, ecology, distribution and conservation status is the Gulf of California. Outside this region the knowledge of ... -
Eastern Pacific coastal dynamics and the Intra-Americas summer low level jet
(2005)It is generally agreed that the circulation of the Eastern Pacific off México and Central America is forced in the summer by the large-scale circulation, namely the North Equatorial Countercurrent, and in the winter by ... -
Eastern Pacific Coral Reef Provinces, Coral Community Structure and Composition: An Overview
(2017)Advances in our knowledge of eastern tropical Pacific (ETP) coral reef biogeography and ecology during the past two decades are briefly reviewed. Fifteen ETP subregions are recognized, including mainland and island localities ... -
Eavesdropping avoidance and sound propagation: the acoustic structure of soft song
(2017-12)Many species use low-amplitude (soft) song during close range interactions with conspecifics, such as in aggressive encounters or courtship displays. It has been suggested that soft song is adapted to limit eavesdropping ...