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A Functional Size Measurement Procedure for MVC Applications from Source Code: Design, Automation and Empirical Evaluation
(2014-09) Quesada López, Christian Ulises
Software size has proved to be one of the main effort-and-cost drivers. It is widely accepted that software size is one of the key factors that has the potential to affect the effort and cost of the software projects. Functional size methods are hardly automatable and generally require a lengthy and costly process. FSM methods define generic concepts and measurement rules. The setup of a measurement procedure for each input to the measurement process is hence needed. A measurement procedure is defined as a set of operations described explicitly in order to measure according to a specific measurement method. A size estimation procedure based on the use of software development productivity models allows the management of development costs. Although accurate size estimation and effort prediction are very important for the success of any project, many practitioners have experienced difficulties in applying them. Thus, automated and simplified FSM methods are required. This research aims to proposing a functional size measuring procedure for Model-View-Controller (MVC) applications from source code. The research project includes the design, automation and empirical validation of a functional size measuring procedure, according to the ISO/IEC 20926 FPA CPM method. This proposal describes the research agenda of the PhD project. Research objective, background, relevant, prior work, research methods, threats to validity, current status and future plans are described in details. Since this is an ongoing work, this proposal looks for feedback from the expert community in order to improve its consistency as well as the reliability of the empirical validation.
A geographical sampling strategy for field surveys in an urban area using high-resolution satellite imagery
(2006-11) Troyo Rodríguez, Adriana; Fuller, Douglas O.; Calderón Arguedas, Ólger; Beier, John C.
Field evaluations for studying the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases like dengue in urban areas are often restricted to selection of households and buildings for field surveys. Therefore, the resulting sampling frame may exclude specific locations within the urban environment that contain vector habitats and thus may bias the results. A sampling strategy was developed for field surveys in an urban area using high-resolution satellite imagery. The site selected was Puntarenas, a city affected by dengue on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, for which high-resolution satellite imagery was available from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER, 15 m spatial resolution) and QuickBird (0.6 m and 2.4 m spatial resolution for panchromatic and multispectral bands, respectively). Grids obtained from the ASTER imagery and a cover map generated from the QuickBird multispectral bands were used to determine the optimal grid area of 10 000 m2 , which contain 136 houses. A final grid 42 by 42 pixels (100.8 x 100.8 m) was created using the multispectral Quickbird imagery, and cells that had an area less than 90% within one specific locality of Puntarenas were excluded. The remaining cells were grouped according to locality and a random sample (10%) was selected from each. This sample of cells would be used for field data collection on specific mosquito larval habitats by evaluating the entire area within the geographical limits of each cell. To assess the suitability of the selected grid cells, the proportion of tree area (“tree” class Kappa = 0.91) was extracted for the individual cells from the QuickBird cover map. The mean percentage of tree cover in each locality and total area was compared between the selected sample cells and the total cells of the Puntarenas image. Overall, the sample adequately represented the total area and most of the individual localities in terms of tree cover. In 8 of 10 localities the difference between the estimate (sample) and the real percentage of tree cover was less than 3%. These results show that high-resolution satellite imagery and geographical information systems are useful in evaluating urban areas and randomly selecting sections for field data collection on mosquito larval habitats that are practical, representative, and will reduce bias.
A Model Proposal for Augmented Reality Game Creation to Incentivize Physical Activity
(2017) Cicció Cabezas, José Antonio; Quesada Quirós, Luis
Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are relevant issues in today’s society. Even though different resources can be used to approach this problem, technology provides endless possibilities to fight against this problem. This article presents the results of a model to create augmented reality games where goals are achieved by doing physical activity (moving between different places). In order to evaluate the model, a prototype was built and presented to 50 participants. The results obtained indicated that an important percentage of the interviewees were attracted to the idea of playing a game to increase their physical activity.
A Prototype Mobile Expert System for Nutritional Diagnosis
(2013) Quesada López, Christian Ulises; Jenkins Coronas, Marcelo
This paper describes NUTRITION UCR, a prototype expert system for human nutritional diagnosis developed in Java on Android using a service-oriented architecture. The system runs on mobile devices and offers smart features that evaluate the nutritional condition of an individual by assessing their physical characteristics and eating habits. We explain the knowledge engineering process used to develop the system, overview the system architecture and selected design tools, and summarize some preliminary results from the prototype implementation.
A survey of software testing practices in Costa Rica
(2019-04-24) Quesada López, Christian Ulises; Hernández Agüero, Erika; Jenkins Coronas, Marcelo
Software testing is an essential activity in software development projects for delivering high quality products. In a previous study, we reported the results of a survey of software engineering practices in the Costa Rican industry. To analyze more in depth the specific software testing practices among practitioners, we replicated a previous survey conducted in South America. Our objective was to characterize the state of the practice based on practitioners use and perceived importance of software testing practices. This survey evaluated 42 testing practices grouped in three categories: processes, activities and tools. A total of 92 practitioners responded to the survey. The participants indicated that: (1) task for recording of the results of tests, documentation of test procedures and cases, and reexecution of tests when the software is modified are useful and im-portant for software testing practitioners. (2) Acceptance and system testing are the two most useful and important testing types. (3) Tools for recording defects and the effort to fix them (bug tracking) and the availability of a test database for reuse are useful and important. Regarding the use of practices, the participants stated that (4) Planning and designing of software testing before coding and evaluating the quality of test artifacts are not a regular practice. (5) There is a lack of measurement of defect density and test coverage in the industry; and (6) tools for automatic generation of test cases and for estimating testing effort are rarely used. This study gave us a first glance at the state of the practice in software testing in a thriving and very dynamic industry that currently employs most of our computer science professionals. The benefits are twofold: for academia, it provides us with a road map to revise our academic offer, and for practitioners it provides them with a first set of data to benchmark their practices.
A tertiary study on model-based testing areas, tools and challenges: Preliminary results
(2018-04-24) Villalobos Arias, Leonardo; Quesada López, Christian Ulises; Martínez Porras, Alexandra; Jenkins Coronas, Marcelo
Context: Model-based testing (MBT) is one of the most studied approaches by secondary studies in the area of software testing. A tertiary study that aggregates knowledge from secondary studies on MBT can be useful to both academia and industry. Objective: The goal of this study is to identify and characterize secondary studies in model-based testing, in terms of the areas, tools and challenges they have investigated. Method: We conducted a tertiary study in MBT. Our systematic mapping of secondary studies included 12 literature surveys and 10 systematic reviews over the period 1996–2016.Results: We found that the two most studied areas of MBT are UML models and Transition-based notations. We also found that only 5 studies compared and classified MBT tools. The main challenges and limitations found were related to the need for more empirical evidence that supports the selection of MBT approaches and tools. Conclusions: Not many systematic reviews on MBT were found, consequently some areas still lack secondary studies: test execution aspects, language types, model dynamics, and some model paradigms and generation methods. We thus encourage the MBT community to perform further systematic reviews and mapping studies, following known protocols and reporting procedures, in order to increase the quality and quantity of empirical studies in MBT.
Actas del VIII Congreso Internacional Cátedra UNESCO para la Lectura y la Escritura: Lectura y escritura de las dinámicas discursivas en el mundo contemporáneo
(2018-09-21) Murillo Medrano, Jorge; Vergara Heidke, Adrián
Trabajos completos presentados en VIII Congreso Internacional Cátedra UNESCO para la Lectura y la Escritura: Lectura y escritura de las dinámicas discursivas en el mundo contemporáneo. Trabajos presentados en Costa Rica entre el 29 de febrero y el 4 de marzo de 2016.
La actividad del "mundo interno" como variable inherente del envejecimiento activo
(2013) Salazar Villanea, Mónica
Introducción: La Gerontología, consciente de su impacto sobre los procesos de toma de decisión en la agenda pública y política, debe lanzar también un desafío para la deliberación, la investigación y la renovación de las prácticas de salud y educación que promuevan el autocuidado y permitan el desarrollo del mundo interno y la identidad personal. Con la aspiración de un envejecimiento activo, debe reconocerse además la importancia inherente de la actividad subjetiva interior, fundamental para el desarrollo integral y equilibrado frente a la demanda externa y progresiva de actividad objetiva y productiva en el sentido material. Desarrollo temático: Una aproximación gerontológica humanista, en el paradigma ético del cuidado de sí-mismo, reconoce el desarrollo de la identidad en la vejez como un objetivo por encima del desarrollo de espacios de mera actividad productiva. Esta ponencia se centrará en la descripción de los supuestos y abordajes psico-gerontológicos que sustentan la propuesta de intervenciones basadas en la actividad del mundo interior. Una reflexión subjetiva, un recuerdo, una narración en primera persona sobre la historia de una vida y los relatos de intimidad que componen el bagaje personal de experiencias de un ser humano, son la puerta de acceso al trabajo fundamental con la identidad en la vejez –tan importante como la actividad con participación social. Esta ponencia rescatará la necesidad de un decir sobre uno mismo en la vejez, en un momento de apropiación de la historia de vida susceptible de ser compartido, escuchado o leído por otros. Rosa, Bellelli & Bakhurst (2000) señalan que estas intervenciones brindan un sentido de coherencia, confortan intelectual y emocionalmente, además de que pueden ser compartidas con familiares, amigos y conocidos, entretejiendo las vidas personales con las de otros y brindando cohesión en una sociedad. Ello, según se propondrá en esta ponencia, es clave como andamiaje para una participación social con sentido histórico. Adicionalmente, se reconocerá que la gerontología narrativa, según proponen Randall y Kenyon (en Haight, & Webster, 2002), tiene un impacto para el cambio social. Conclusiones: Validar la reflexión y la actividad subjetiva en la vejez, tanto como la actividad objetiva externa, es un reto para la Gerontología. A partir de estrategias como la reminiscencia, la revisión de vida y la autobiografía, la intervención gerontológica promueve la cohesión de memoria, experiencia, historia e identidad personal y social en una sola voz, empoderando para la transformación social y política.
Actividad Física en el Calor: Termorregulación e Hidratación en América Latina
(1999) Aragón Vargas, Luis Fernando; Maughan, Ronald J.; Rivera Brown, Anita; Meyer, Flavia; Murray, Robert; De Barros Neto, Turibio Leite; García, Pedro Reinaldo; Sarmiento, Juan Manuel; Arroyo, Francisco; Javornik Krope, Ricardo Martín; Matsudo, Victor K. R.; Salazar Rojas, Wálter; Lentini, Néstor
En América Latina, es frecuente encontrar recomendaciones y pautas que han sido desarrolladas en los Estados Unidos de América o en Europa. A menudo se cuestiona qué tan aplicables son estas recomendaciones en nuestra región del mundo. Consciente de esta necesidad, el Gatorade Sports Science Institute reunió un grupo de científicos y clínicos latinoamericanos, además de otros dos expertos reconocidos mundialmente, para discutir la evidencia científica actualizada sobre el tema "Actividad física en el calor: termorregulación e hidratación". Este documento es el fruto de ese simposio de dos días. Se sugiere al lector interesado que lea algunas excelentes revisiones recientes sobre este tema.
Acto de apertura y conferencia inaugural: Las regiones del mundo y su diversidad cultural ante “el laberinto de la sociedad” - VII Coloquio Internacional sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales
(2023-09-20) Fornet Betancourt, Raúl; Méndez Méndez, José Mario
Conferencia inaugural del VII Coloquio Internacional sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales. Las regiones del mundo y su diversidad cultural ante “el laberinto de la sociedad” Dr. Raúl Fornet Betancourt Presenta: Dr. José Mario Méndez Méndez
Adaptabilidad y continuidad: la respuesta jurídico-educativa frente al COVID-19
(2020-09-17) Villafuerte Vega, Andrés
La pandemia por COVID-19 ha provocado una crisis sanitaria que tiene fuerte repercusiones en otros ámbitos de la sociedad, como el económico y el laboral. El servicio público educativo no escapa a dicha problemática, pues las medidas de confinamiento y distancia social imposibilitan el desarrollo de la enseñanza presencial. A pesar de lo anterior, el servicio publico educativo no puede suspenderse, al considerarse como un derecho imprescindible para las personas menores de edad. Esto genera la necesidad de encontrar las respuestas que el ordenamiento jurídico brinda para superar tal crisis educativa. El Derecho Administrativo ofrece el principio de continuidad de los servicios públicos como respaldo a los esfuerzos administrativos para mantener vigente el sistema de enseñanza, sin afectar los proyectos de vida del cuerpo estudiantil. Dentro de tal consideración, es obligatorio darle acompañamiento y seguimiento al estudiantado, en aras de no interrumpir / continuar sus estudios, a pesar de las dificultades de la crisis sanitaria. El Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos ofrece el principio de adaptabilidad del servicio público educativo, lo cual habilita la flexibilización de los sistemas de enseñanza, según las nuevas circunstancias y las necesidades del cuerpo estudiantil; siempre y cuando no excluyan a ninguna persona y se enfoquen en los contenidos imprescindibles de los programas de curso. La inacción de las autoridades administrativas o del personal docente sobre tales principios, implica la posibilidad de aplicar los regímenes de responsabilidad previstos por el ordenamiento jurídico.
Adaptacão de um modelo de temperatura dos grãos de café na torrefação
(2018-10-12) Vargas Elías, Guillermo Asdrúbal
Objetivou-se com este trabalho ajustar um modelo de aquecimento para representar a cinética da temperatura dos grãos durante a torração do café. Foram usadas amostras de 350 g de grãos beneficiados retidos em peneira 17 e 18, de café arábica com teor de água de 0,1032 kgáguaproduto-1 (kga-1). Usou-se um torrador de cilindro giratório a queima constante de gás, cujas temperaturas iniciais foram de 290, 310, 345 e 380 °C, que diminuíram exponencialmente durante a operação até se equilibrar em 246, 269, 295 e 340 °C, respectivamente. O aquecimento dos grãos foi contínuo durante todo o processo. A cinética do aquecimento dos grãos dependeu da temperatura do torrador, onde a máxima taxa de aquecimento foi para os grãos submetidos à máxima temperatura de torrefação. Foi adaptado o modelo matemático de aquecimento dos grãos, considerando que calor do torrador é usado tanto para aquecimento da massa quanto para evaporação da água na superfície dos grãos. Observouse que o processo de torrefação foi realizado em condições não isotérmicas da parede. O modelo múltiplo exponencial que foi utilizado para aquecimento dos grãos durante a secagem foi adaptado adequadamente às condições de operação do torrador para representar a cinética do aquecimento do café durante a torrefação com r2 acima de 0,98.
Algunas reflexiones de la gestión de conocimiento como estrategia de cambio institucional
(2016-11) Alarcón Rivera, Johanna
El cambio supone la adaptación a las nuevas condiciones del entorno. Es precisamente la búsqueda de nuevos significados e interpretaciones, como las instituciones transforman sus procesos internos, sus funciones y estructuras, con el objetivo de adaptarse de mejor manera a las situaciones actuales y se reflejen de forma positiva, adecuada y oportuna en los bienes y servicios públicos. De esta forma, si la creación de conocimiento organizacional según algunos autores es la capacidad orgánica para generar nuevos conocimientos, repartir entre los miembros de una organización y materializarlos en productos, servicios y sistemas, esto no solo permite el hacer los cambios requeridos para el entorno, sino que facilita los procesos de innovación institucional. Desde este punto de vista, la gestión de conocimiento podría convertirse en una estrategia de cambio institucional. Por otra parte, al identificar los procesos sustantivos de las instituciones que conducen al logro de los resultados, se puede analizar el aporte directo de la gestión del conocimiento al mejoramiento de estos procesos y por ende a la efectividad de la institución pública. Es precisamente a partir de esta afirmación, que se presenta la ponencia, en busca de mostrar la importancia de la gestión del conocimiento en el mejoramiento de la gestión pública. Asimismo, el reconocer la importancia de la participación de las personas en las instituciones, permite mejorar aptitudes y actitudes en la cultura organizacional y crear nuevo conocimiento a partir de las experiencias, que permita compartirlo entre los involucrados en los procesos sustantivos de la organización.
Algunos mitos sobre el ejercicio (propagados por los educadores físicos)
(Memoria del III Simposio en Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 1996-10) Aragón Vargas, Luis Fernando
Este es el texto completo de la conferencia inaugural del III Simposio en Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud. Se trata de un material relativamente viejo, pero los lectores podrán juzgar su vigencia más de 15 años después. Es de particular interés el comentario sobre el Mito #5, el cual se refiere a la intensidad de ejercicio apropiada para poder oxidar (“quemar”) grasa, ya que en la última década se ha puesto muy de moda el ejercicio intenso de intervalos (abreviado como HIT o HIIT en inglés) precisamente con el propósito de oxidar más grasas, conforme al respaldo científico que se ha obtenido en varios laboratorios distintos.
Alianzas para mitigar riesgos que amenazan la conservación del patrimonio cultural intangible: algunas reflexiones para el caso de Costa Rica
(2013) Chang Vargas, Giselle
The aim of this paper is to share some experiences, based on the Costa Rican society, which address the risks of some of the intangible cultural heritage and to estimate the role of different institutions facing the challenge of safeguarding this heritage. This cultural heritage is threatened by the substitution of identity and the transformations which result from allienation or foreign imposition. In the current phase of globalization, tourism has great influence in equity. However, this industry may either play a role of threat or opportunity, depending on the way it is inserted in public policies and programs of heritage conservation. The ambiguity and complexity of this phenomenon hinders the possibility of a clear and objective management in favor of projects which include both sustainability of cultural heritage and tourism is a particular region or village. ICOMOS paid attention to this challenge by adopting the ―International Charter on Cultural Tourism,‖ to facilitate and encourage dialogue between the interests of the industry and the conservation of natural and cultural heritage. However, it is difficult to follow the recommendations provided in this document, as several factors influence the achievement of this goal. On one hand, there is the community which produces the assets and receives the tourists and on the other hand, various public and private entities. To overcome this challenge, we propose a tripartite partnership between communities, municipalities or local governments and educational institutions, both formal and informal. ICOMOS could assume an educational role in this process.
Alzheimer’s Disease Early Detection Using a Low Cost Three-Dimensional Densenet-121 Architecture
(2020-06-23) Solano Rojas, Braulio José; Villalón Fonseca, Ricardo; Marín Raventós, Gabriela
The objective of this work is to detect Alzheimer’s disease using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. For this, we use a three-dimensional densenet-121 architecture. With the use of only freely available tools, we obtain good results: a deep neural network showing metrics of 87% accuracy, 87% sensitivity (micro-average), 88% specificity (micro-average), and 92% AUROC (micro-average) for the task of classifying five different classes (disease stages). The use of tools available for free means that this work can be replicated in developing countries.
An Empirical Evaluation of Automated Function Points
(2016) Quesada López, Christian Ulises; Madrigal Sánchez, Denisse; Jenkins Coronas, Marcelo
Background: Function point analysis (FPA) has become widely used to measure software functional size in the industry. FPA is usually performed manually, which is a time consuming and expensive process. Automated Function Point (AFP) specification states the guidelines for automating FPA counting from software source code, generally consistent with current FPA practices. Objective: This paper analyzes the relationships between FPA and AFP measures and measurement process. This includes total function points and basic functional components (BFC) size. The goals are to evaluate accuracy, reproducibility, perceived ease of use, usefulness, and intention to use and to understand the nature of the differences between measures. Method: A controlled experiment was conducted to evaluate the FPA and AFP measurement process with 14 participants (E1). We have subsequently conducted two replications of the original experiment with 12 participants each (E2 and E3). Statistical analyses were conducted to find differences between the methods regarding effectiveness and adoption properties. Results: Participants using FPA performed as well as participants using AFP to measure total functional size. Treatment and control groups did not differ significantly in terms of accuracy and reproducibility (p<0.05) throughout E1, E2 and E3. FPA presented similar accuracy to AFP for each replication. Participants between experiments performed different; data function (DF) results show an important difference between methods. Conclusions: The results confirm the potential for developing automation tools for function point counting that could produce more consistent measurement results; however, this process should be conducted carefully, depending on the implementation of a given requirements specification, AFP could produce different results. Although encouraging results were obtained, further research is needed to confirm performance results and to draw more conclusions on the perceived adoption properties.
An Empirical Validation of an Automated Genetic Software Effort Prediction Framework Using the ISBSG Dataset
(2016-04) Murillo Morera, Juan; Quesada López, Christian Ulises; Castro Herrera, Carlos; Jenkins Coronas, Marcelo
The complexity of providing accurate software effort prediction models is well known in the software industry. Several prediction models have been proposed in the literature using different techniques, with different results, in different contexts. Objectives: This paper reports a benchmarking study using a genetic approach that automatically generates and compares different learning schemes (preprocessing+attribute selection+learning algorithms). The effectiveness of the software development effort prediction models (using function points) were validated using the ISBSG R12 dataset. Methods: Eight subsets of projects were analyzed running a M×N-fold cross-validation. We used a genetic approach to automatically select the components of the learning schemes, to evaluate, and to report the learning scheme with the best performance. Results: In total, 150 learning schemes were studied (2 data preprocessors, 5 attribute selectors, and 15 modeling techniques). The most common learning schemes were: Log+ForwardSelection+M5-Rules, Log+BestFirst+M5-Rules, Log+LinearForwardSelection+SMOreg, ForwardSelection+SMOreg and ForwardSelection+ SMOreg, BackwardElimination+SMOreg, LinearForwardSelection+SMOreg, and Log+Best First+SMOreg. Conclusions: The results show that we should select a different learning schemes for each datasets. Our results support previous findings regarding that the setup applied in evaluations can completely reverse findings. A genetic approach that automatically selects best combination based on a specific dataset could improve the performance of software effort prediction models.
An Empirical Validation of Function Point Structure and Applicability: A Replication Study
(2015-04) Quesada López, Christian Ulises; Jenkins Coronas, Marcelo
Background: The complexity of providing accurate software size estimation and effort prediction models is well known in the software industry. Function point analysis (FPA) is currently one of the most accepted software functional size metric in the industry, but it is hardly automatable and generally requires a lengthy and costly process. Objectives: This paper reports on a family of replications carried out on a subset of the ISBSG R12 dataset to evaluate the structure and applicability of function points. The goal of this replication was to aggregate evidence about internal issues of FPA as a metric, and to confirm previous results using a different set of data. First, FPA counting was analyzed in order to determine the extent to which the base functional components (BFC) were independent of each other and thus appropriate for an additive model of size. Second, the correlation between effort and BFCs and unadjusted function points (UFP) were assessed in order to determine whether a simplified sizing metric might be appropriate to simplify effort prediction models. Methods: A subset of 72 business application projects from 2008 to 2011 was analyzed. BFCs, UFP, and effort correlation were studied. Results: The results aggregated evidence and confirmed that some BFCs of the FPA method are correlated. There is a relationship between BFCs and effort. There are correlations between UFP and inputs, enquiries, and internal files, and between BFCs and effort. Internal files and inputs are found to be correlated always, and external interface files are found to be uncorrelated with the others. A prediction model based on transactions and internal files appear to be as good as a model based on UFP. The use of some contexts attributes may improve effort prediction models. Limitations: This is an initial experiment of a research in progress. The limited size and nature of the dataset may influence the results. Conclusions: Our results might suggest an improvement in the performance of the measurement process. Simplifying FPA measurement procedure based on counting a subset of BFCs could improve measurement process efficiency and simplify prediction models.
An evaluation of functional size measurement methods
(2015-04) Quesada López, Christian Ulises; Jenkins Coronas, Marcelo
Background: Software size is one of the key factors that has the potential to affect the effort of software projects. Providing accurate software size estimation is a complex task. A number of functional size measurement (FSM) methods have been proposed to quantify the size of software based on functional user requirements (user perspective). Function point analysis (FPA) was the first proposal for a FSM method and it is one of the most accepted FSM methods in the industry. Automated Function Point (AFP) method state the guidelines for automating FPA counting from software source code. Objectives: This paper reports on an experiment that compares FPA and AFP. The goal is to evaluate the measurement process on a range of performance and adoption properties such as accuracy, reproducibility, efficiency, perceived easy to use, usefulness, and intention to use. Methods: A controlled experiment was conducted to compare the two methods. Statistical analyses were conducted to find differences between the methods regarding performance and adoption properties. Results: The functional size results between the FPA and AFP methods were similar (MMRE 6-8%). Productivity rate was about the same reported for the industry (43.4 FPA/h, 37.8 AFP/h). There were no significant differences between the methods for functional size estimation, reproducibility, and accuracy. Limitations: This is an initial experiment of a work in progress. The limited sample size and nature of the subjects may influence the results. Conclusions: These results support the claim that AFP produces similar measurement results that FPA. The automation of the AFP method could produce more consistent measurement results in conformance with the FPA counting guidelines. An automated and quick FSM counting method will increase the adoption of this metric in industry. Further research is needed to conclude more on some perceived adoption properties.

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