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Exploring why Costa Rica outperforms the United States in life expectancy: A tale of two inequality gradients
(2016)Mortality in the United States is 18% higher than in Costa Rica among adult men and 10% higher among middle-aged women, despite the several times higher income and health expenditures of the United States. This comparison ... -
Exposure of a Tropical Soil to mg/kg of Oxytetracycline Elicits Hormetic Responses in the Catabolic Activities of its Microbial Community
(2011-04)Many farmers in developing countries protect their crops with oxytetracycline and fertilize their farmlands with manure from animals that received this drug as growth promoter. In this study, a tropical soil was exposed ... -
Exposure of dogs to Rickettsia spp. in Costa Rica: Risk factors for PCR-positive ectoparasites and seropositivity
(2019)Infection of dogs with Rickettsia spp. can result in inapparent, mild, or severe disease. Moreover, common dog ticks and fleas are able to transmit rickettsiae to nearby humans. In this study, the seroprevalence of spotted ... -
Exposure of dogs to spotted fever group rickettsiae in urban sites associated with human rickettsioses in Costa Rica
(2016-07)The zoonotic transmission cycles of Rickettsia rickettsii and other spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae in Latin America have usually been associated with rural or sylvatic environments, although domestic dogs can be ... -
Exposure to N-nitrosamines and other risk factors for gastric cancer in Costa Rican children
(1991-04-01)The hypothesis that endogenous chemical nitrosation in the normal stomach in early life could play a crucial role in inducing chronic atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia in later life was tested by applying the ... -
Expresión de genes que codifican por proteínas proinflamatorias y de resolución de la inflamación en casos de periodontitis
(2022-11-16)La periodontitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica vinculada con biopelículas de la placa disbiótica y caracterizada por la destrucción progresiva del aparato de soporte dental. La biopelícula patogénica es un ... -
Extensive Mucocutaneous Histiocytic Sarcoma raised from an Acute B Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Case Report at Hospital Mexico, Costa Rica
(2017-07)Histiocytic sarcomas are rare neoplasms with poor prognosis originating from histiocytic or dendritic cell clones and associated with haematological malignancies such as acute or chronic leukemias and lymphomas. We describe ... -
Extinction of Vibrio choleare in acidic substrata: contaminated cabbage and lettuce treated with lime juice
(1994)Lime juice killed Malian of Vibrio cholerae 01, El Tor, Inaba, present on cabbage and lettuce contaminated in the laboratory. The lethal effect was evident within 5 min of exposure to lime juice. No vibrios could be recovered ... -
Extracellular vesicles in chagas disease: a new passenger for an old disease
(2018-06-01)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid vesicles released by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells containing nucleic acids, proteins, and small metabolites essential for cellular communication. Depending on the targeted ... -
Extracellular vesicles of Trypanosoma cruzi and immune complexes they form with sialylated and non-sialylated IgGs increase small peritoneal macrophage subpopulation and elicit different cytokines profiles
(2023)American trypanosomiasis, or Chagas disease, is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is characterized by the presence of cardiac or gastrointestinal symptoms in a large number of patients during the chronic ... -
Extracellular vesicles of Trypanosoma cruzi tissue-culture cell-derived trypomastigotes: Induction of physiological changes in non-parasitized culture cells
(2019-02-21)Background: Trypanosoma cruzi is the obligate intracellular parasite that causes Chagas disease. The pathogenesis of this disease is a multifactorial complex process that involves a large number of molecules and particles, ... -
Extracellular vesicles of trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi induce changes in ubiquitin-related processes, cell-signaling pathways and apoptosis
(2023)Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. The disease has an acute and a chronic phase in which approximately 30% of the chronic patients suffer from heart disease and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. ... -
Extracts of Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) MAAS Protect against Lethality and Systemic Hemorrhage Induced by Bothrops asper Venom: Insights from a Model with Extract Administration before Venom Injection
(2015)Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) MAAS, obtained by micropropagation (in vitro) and wild forms have previously been shown to inhibit some toxic activities of Bothrops asper snake venom if preincubated before injection. In this ... -
Exudados y trasudados en el laboratorio clínico: propuesta de un protocolo de análisis
(2023)Introducción: El análisis de líquidos corporales es crucial para el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de enfermedades, así como para identificar complicaciones. Estas muestras son valiosas y requieren un manejo ... -
Facind AIDS in Costa Rica
(1988-03)The 1st AIDS case was diagnosed in Costa Rica in 1985. By January 1988, 47 cases were recorded. Most cases are in hemophiliacs and homosexuals; one is in the heterosexual partner of a hemophiliac. 55% of hemophiliacs in ... -
Factor aglutinante de Rotavirus en calostro en mujeres costarricenses
(Rev. Méd. Hosp. Nal. Niño113(1): 45·52, 1978, 1978)Estudios prospectivos en una comunidad indígena de Guatemala demostraron la baja prevalencia de enfermedades infecciosas, especialmente de los tractos gastrointestinal y respiratorio, en niños alimentados exclusivamente al ... -
Factor analysis of Forced Swimming test, Sucrose Preference test and Open Field test on enriched, social and isolated reared rats
(2006)Developmental and social factors are known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of affective disorders. Although it has been demonstrated that early life aversive experiences can be a risk factor in the development ... -
Factores angiogénicos como predictores de resultados adversos en pacientes con diagnóstico de preeclampsia pretérmino: experiencia del servicio de medicina materno fetal del Hospital Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia de noviembre 2018 a noviembre de 2019
(2022-12-10)Antecedentes Los trastornos hipertensivos complican alrededor de un 10 % de los embarazos en el ámbito mundial y es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en el plano mundial y nacional. En el espectro de los trastornos ...