Diseño de cuatro obras geotécnicas: (I) revisión del sitio de fundación y diseño de cimentación para torre de telecomunicaciones del Centro Nacional de Control de Energía (CENCE), Volcán Irazú; (II) diseño de sistema de estabilización para un talud colindante con una carretera; (III) diseño de soporte temporal de un túnel para modernización de planta hidroeléctrica en Panamá; (IV) diseño de una alternativa para impermeabilización con geomembrana PVC para una sección equivalente de una presa CFRD clase I
Fecha
2023-07-25
Tipo
tesis de maestría
Autores
Quesada Calvo, Floria Marcela
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Resumen
En el presente trabajo, el capítulo 1 consiste el diseño de una cimentación para una torre de telecomunicaciones del ICE en el volcán Irazú cuyo sitio se caracteriza por estar cerca de una ladera y estar compuesta por material volcánico erodable. Es por ello que se hizo necesario el diseño de una cimentación mediante micropilotes, los cuales garantizarían la operatividad de la estructura, aunque ocurra un deslizamiento.
El capítulo 2 corresponde a un sistema de estabilización de un talud de una alta pendiente y compuesto por suelo y roca degradada, continuo a una carretera de alto tránsito. El sistema diseñado mediante la metodología descrita en el FHWA (2015) fue un muro de soilnailing, que, junto con los drenajes, permitirían brindar estabilidad al talud.
Con respecto al capítulo 3, se presenta el caso de una planta hidroeléctrica, ubicada en la
provincia de Chiriquí, Panamá, la cual se quiere modernizar mediante la construcción de un
segundo túnel de 683 m de longitud, a través de un material rocoso con coberturas máximas
de 140 m en ciertos puntos del trazado. El sostenimiento temporal diseñado consistió, en
las zonas de mayor probabilidad de falla, en concreto lanzado pernos y arcos W8x31.
Finalmente, en el capítulo 4 se presenta el caso de una presa a construirse en la provincia de Guanacaste de Costa Rica, la cual ya había sido diseñada como CFRD; sin embargo, se planteó la opción de sustituir la cara de concreto por una geomembrana PVC, como alternativa de impermeabilización, por lo que se hizo una revisión mediante elemento finito para corroborar que las deformaciones no superaran aquellas de la presa CFRD original.
The design of a foundation for an ICE telecommunications tower in the Irazú volcano, whose site is distinguished by being close to a hillside and being composed of erodible volcanic material, is covered in chapter 1 of the current study. Because of this, it was required to create a foundation employing micropiles that would ensure the structure's operability even in the event of a landslide. In Chapter 2, a slope stabilization system for soil and eroded rock that is continuous with a heavily traveled highway is described. A soilnailing wall was the system created utilizing the approach outlined in the FHWA (2015), and it would work in conjunction with drainages to stabilize the slope. In chapter 3, the instance of a hydroelectric plant in the Panamanian province of Chiriquí that will be updated by the construction of a second tunnel measuring 683 meters through rock with a maximum coverage of 140 meters at specific locations of the scheme is discussed. The temporary support system was built with W8x31 arches and specially launched bolts in the places where failure was most likely to occur. The case of a dam that was already designed as CFRD and was going to be built in the Costa Rican province of Guanacaste is presented in chapter 4. However, the option of replacing the concrete face with a PVC geomembrane was suggested as a substitute for waterproofing, so a finite element review was done to ensure that the deformations did not exceed those of the original CFRD dam. Technical requirements, financial projections, and construction schedules were created for the 4 designs.
The design of a foundation for an ICE telecommunications tower in the Irazú volcano, whose site is distinguished by being close to a hillside and being composed of erodible volcanic material, is covered in chapter 1 of the current study. Because of this, it was required to create a foundation employing micropiles that would ensure the structure's operability even in the event of a landslide. In Chapter 2, a slope stabilization system for soil and eroded rock that is continuous with a heavily traveled highway is described. A soilnailing wall was the system created utilizing the approach outlined in the FHWA (2015), and it would work in conjunction with drainages to stabilize the slope. In chapter 3, the instance of a hydroelectric plant in the Panamanian province of Chiriquí that will be updated by the construction of a second tunnel measuring 683 meters through rock with a maximum coverage of 140 meters at specific locations of the scheme is discussed. The temporary support system was built with W8x31 arches and specially launched bolts in the places where failure was most likely to occur. The case of a dam that was already designed as CFRD and was going to be built in the Costa Rican province of Guanacaste is presented in chapter 4. However, the option of replacing the concrete face with a PVC geomembrane was suggested as a substitute for waterproofing, so a finite element review was done to ensure that the deformations did not exceed those of the original CFRD dam. Technical requirements, financial projections, and construction schedules were created for the 4 designs.
Descripción
Palabras clave
talud, micropilotes, torre telecomunicaciones, túnel, ampliación proyecto hidroeléctrico, presa CFRD, geomembrana, PANAMÁ, VOLCAN IRAZU (CARTAGO, COSTA RICA), INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE ELECTRICIDAD (ICE)