La inscripción de la violencia y la voz de la víctima. Un replanteamiento del problema de la violencia desde Judith Shklar y Axel Honneth
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Date
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González de Requena Farré, Juan Antonio
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Universidad de Costa Rica
Abstract
Description
Hay una clara eficacia política y ética en el hecho de designar la violencia y referirla a alguien a quien culpar. Pero, cuando se impone el significante ‘violencia’, tiene lugar un acto de violencia simbólica, y el círculo de la violencia continúa. Lo mismo ocurre, cuando el orden simbólico trata de regular la violencia, y requiere de una violencia sacrificial o de la fuerza de la ley para detener la violencia mimética. De hecho, actualmente se está extendiendo una forma mediada de violencia mimética extrema, a través de la sociedad del espectáculo, y la justicia formal no consigue evitarlo por medio de más sanciones jurídicas. En este artículo, se propone otro discurso sobre la violencia; uno que no se basa en designar al violento, sino que atiende a la voz de la víctima, para ampliar la responsabilidad cívica hacia el daño y el agravio ajenos.
There is a clear political and ethical efficacy in the fact of naming violence and referring it to someone to blame. But when the significant of ‘violence’ is imposed, takes place an act of symbolical violence, and the circle of violence goes on. The same thing happens, when the symbolical order tries to regulate violence, and requires a sacred violence or the force of law to stop the mimetic violence. As a matter of fact, nowadays a mediated form of extreme mimetic violence is extending across the society of spectacle, and formal justice cannot avoid it by means of more legal sanctions. In this article, another discourse on violence is proposed; one that is not founded on naming the violent, but takes care of the victim’s voice, in order to widen civic responsibility towards other’s damage and injury.
There is a clear political and ethical efficacy in the fact of naming violence and referring it to someone to blame. But when the significant of ‘violence’ is imposed, takes place an act of symbolical violence, and the circle of violence goes on. The same thing happens, when the symbolical order tries to regulate violence, and requires a sacred violence or the force of law to stop the mimetic violence. As a matter of fact, nowadays a mediated form of extreme mimetic violence is extending across the society of spectacle, and formal justice cannot avoid it by means of more legal sanctions. In this article, another discourse on violence is proposed; one that is not founded on naming the violent, but takes care of the victim’s voice, in order to widen civic responsibility towards other’s damage and injury.
Keywords
violencia, pacificación, justicia, víctima, agravio, violence, pacification, justice, victim, injury