Enfermedad de Chagas en Costa Rica: Estudio comparativo en dos épocas diferentes
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Chinchilla Carmona, Misael
Castro Castillo, Alfredo
Reyes Lizano, Liliana
Guerrero Bermúdez, Olga Marta
Calderón Arguedas, Ólger
Troyo Rodríguez, Adriana
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Abstract
Para actualizar la situación de la Enfermedad de Chagas en Costa Rica se realizó un estudio serológico y epidemiológico parcial en 4 zonas de riesgo en el país. Un total de 1.561 estudiantes de 6 a 12 años fueron estudiados por anticuerpos contra T.cruzi usando una prueba de ELISA como tamiz previo a una confirmatoria. En la primera prueba se obtuvo una positividad que osciló entre 0,6% y 14,9% mientras que en la prueba confirmatoria esta positividad fue de 0,1%. El estudio del 10% de las casas de los estudiantes seleccionados indicó índices de infestación del 2,9% al 9,3% y los triatominos, encontrados peridomiciliarmente presentaron un 8,1% de infección por T. cruzi. Al comparar estos datos con los conocidos antes de 1980 y basados en un análisis socioeconómico de ambas épocas, se concluye que las mejores condiciones de vida actuales han disminuido la incidencia de Enfermedad de Chagas en Costa Rica
To bring a date the real situation of Chagas disease in Costa Rica, a partial serological and epidemiological study was done in four risk zones in this country. To achieve that, 1561 students 6 to 12 years old were studied for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies presence by the ELISA technique. Once all the confirmatory tests were performed, 0.1% of seropositivity was detected in the student population. The study of 10% of houses of the corresponding random selected students, showed a 2.9% T. dimidiata infestation index and 9.3% of the insects were infected with T. cruzi. Comparing these data and the social and economic situation of Costa Rica in years 1980 and 2000, it is inferred that the improvement of the general conditions in Costa Rica, has decreased the Chagas disease incidence in this country.
To bring a date the real situation of Chagas disease in Costa Rica, a partial serological and epidemiological study was done in four risk zones in this country. To achieve that, 1561 students 6 to 12 years old were studied for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies presence by the ELISA technique. Once all the confirmatory tests were performed, 0.1% of seropositivity was detected in the student population. The study of 10% of houses of the corresponding random selected students, showed a 2.9% T. dimidiata infestation index and 9.3% of the insects were infected with T. cruzi. Comparing these data and the social and economic situation of Costa Rica in years 1980 and 2000, it is inferred that the improvement of the general conditions in Costa Rica, has decreased the Chagas disease incidence in this country.
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Keywords
Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, Epidemiologý, Costa Rica, 614.533 Enfermedad de Chagas: incidencia
Citation
https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0717-77122006000200007&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=es