Analysis of the Latin American west coast rainfall predictability using an ENSO index
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Cid Serrano, Luis Ramón
Ramírez Buelvas, Sandra Milena
Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.
Enfield, David B.
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Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la probabilidad de ocurrencia de estaciones lluviosas o secas a lo largo de la costa oeste de Centro y Sudamérica, mediante la construcción de perfiles latitudinales para la asociación entre el fenómeno El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS) y la precipitación a lo largo de la región indicada. El análisis se realizó mediante modelos de regresión lineal multinomial y de regresión logística multinomial. Se usaron series de tiempo mensuales de la temperatura superficial del mar en el Pacífico ecuatorial (SST) y el Índice de Oscilación del Sur (SOI) para la presión atmosférica a nivel del mar. Las anomalías de lluvia corresponden a series de tiempo sobre una retícula de 2.5 × 2.5º grados, a lo largo de la costa oeste de América Central y América del Sur desde 25º N hasta 45º S de 1951 a 2011. Definimos un índice para el ENOS que se usó como predictor y la lluvia como respuesta. Los datos se agruparon en trimestres y luego se categorizaron en terciles para construir tablas de contingencia no simétricas de 3 × 3. Como resultado, se generaron perfiles latitudinales de la probabilidad de ocurrencia de las distintas condiciones de lluvia, dadas las distintas fases de ENOS.
The objective of this study was to determine the probability of occurrence of wet or dry season events, by means of estimating latitudinal profiles for the association between El Niño Southern-Oscillation and the rainfall along the west coast of Central and South America. The analysis was performed using multinomial linear regression and multinomial logit regression models. We used monthly time series of the Pacific equatorial sea surface temperature (SST), the Niño 3.4 index, a sea level pressure index (SOI) and rainfall anomalies over a 2.5 × 2.5º grid along the west coast of Central and South America, for latitudes starting at 25º N through 45º S, from 1951 to 2011. We defined an ENSO index (NSO) as predictor and rainfall as response. Data was grouped into seasons and then categorized into terciles to construct 3 × 3 non-symmetrical three way contingency tables. As results, we generated latitudinal profiles of the predictability (association) of rainfall for the west coast of Central and South America, using the ENSO phases as predictor.
The objective of this study was to determine the probability of occurrence of wet or dry season events, by means of estimating latitudinal profiles for the association between El Niño Southern-Oscillation and the rainfall along the west coast of Central and South America. The analysis was performed using multinomial linear regression and multinomial logit regression models. We used monthly time series of the Pacific equatorial sea surface temperature (SST), the Niño 3.4 index, a sea level pressure index (SOI) and rainfall anomalies over a 2.5 × 2.5º grid along the west coast of Central and South America, for latitudes starting at 25º N through 45º S, from 1951 to 2011. We defined an ENSO index (NSO) as predictor and rainfall as response. Data was grouped into seasons and then categorized into terciles to construct 3 × 3 non-symmetrical three way contingency tables. As results, we generated latitudinal profiles of the predictability (association) of rainfall for the west coast of Central and South America, using the ENSO phases as predictor.
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Keywords
El Niño, Logit regression, Rainfall, ENSO
Citation
https://www.revistascca.unam.mx/atm/index.php/atm/article/view/ATM.2015.28.03.04