Análisis químico y digestibilidad “in vitro” de rastrojo de maíz (Zea mays L.).
Fecha
Autores
Fuentes, Jesús
Magaña, Calixtro
Suárez, Lorenzo
Peña, Rodolfo
Rodríguez, Sergio A.
Ortíz de la Rosa, Benjamín
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Universidad de Costa Rica
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Este experimento se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto del tratamiento físico y químico en la composición química y digestibilidad “in vitro” de la materia seca (DIVMS) y materia orgánica (DIVMO) de rastrojo de maíz sometido a dichos tratamientos. Setenta y cinco pacas de rastrojo de maíz (25 molidas, 25 picadas y 25 enteras) fueron tratadas con 4% de amoniaco anhidro (NH3) con base en el peso seco durante cuatro semanas. El mismo número de pacas con igual tamaño de partícula permaneció sin tratar con NH3. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 2x3 (cero y cuatro % NH3 y tres tamaños de partícula). Se observó un decremento en la cantidad de materia seca a medida que el tamaño de partícula aumentó. El incremento en el porcentaje de proteína cruda en el rastrojo tratado molido, picado y entero fue de 110, 116 y 91 unidades mayor respecto al rastrojo sin tratar. El extracto etéreo se vio incrementado por la amonificación en promedio 7,3% con respecto al rastrojo sin tratar. El contenido de cenizas se incrementó en promedio 6,0% con la amonificación. El NH3 disminuyó los valores de fibra detergente neutro en 20,0; 7,0 y 7,7% para forraje molido, picado y entero, respectivamente. En lo que respecta a la fibra ácido detergente se observó un decremento de 7,17; 12,83 y 11,42% para el rastrojo molido, picado y entero, respectivamente, en relación al rastrojo sin tratar. La DIVMS y DIVMO se incrementaron con el tratamiento con NH3.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of chemical and physical treatments on the chemical composition and in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) and organic matter (IVOMD) digestibility of corn stover. Seventy five bales of corn stover (25 ground, 25 chopped, and 25 whole) were treated with 4% ammonia (NH3) of the dry matter weight. A completely randomized design with factorial array 2x3 (0.0 and 4.0% NH3 and three particle sizes). Results indicated that dry matter content decreased as particle size increased. Protein content increased by 110, 116 and 91 units for the ground, chopped and whole corn stover treated with NH3 with respect to the control. Ether extract increased by 7.3% for corn stover treated with NH3. Similar trend was followed by the ash content which increased by 6.0% for corn stover treated with NH3. Ammonia treatment affected negatively the neutral detergent fiber values by 20.0, 7.0 and 7.7% for ground, chopped and whole corn stover, respectively. Similar results were found for acid detergent fiber with values of 7.17, 12.53 and 11.42% lower for ground, chopped and whole corn stover, respectively; than those found for the untreated material. IVDMD and IVOMD were increased with NH3 treatment.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of chemical and physical treatments on the chemical composition and in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) and organic matter (IVOMD) digestibility of corn stover. Seventy five bales of corn stover (25 ground, 25 chopped, and 25 whole) were treated with 4% ammonia (NH3) of the dry matter weight. A completely randomized design with factorial array 2x3 (0.0 and 4.0% NH3 and three particle sizes). Results indicated that dry matter content decreased as particle size increased. Protein content increased by 110, 116 and 91 units for the ground, chopped and whole corn stover treated with NH3 with respect to the control. Ether extract increased by 7.3% for corn stover treated with NH3. Similar trend was followed by the ash content which increased by 6.0% for corn stover treated with NH3. Ammonia treatment affected negatively the neutral detergent fiber values by 20.0, 7.0 and 7.7% for ground, chopped and whole corn stover, respectively. Similar results were found for acid detergent fiber with values of 7.17, 12.53 and 11.42% lower for ground, chopped and whole corn stover, respectively; than those found for the untreated material. IVDMD and IVOMD were increased with NH3 treatment.