Calidad fisicoquímica y microbiológica del agua costera en Nicoya, Costa Rica: comparación de tres playas con diferente impacto turístico y administración
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Montiel Mora, José Rolando
Gómez Ramírez, Eddy
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Abstract
El crecimiento socioeconómico
ha causado presión sobre los ecosistemas marinos, y
existe poca información que pueda ser utilizada para el
manejo de playas en Nicoya, Costa Rica. Objetivo:
Determinar la calidad fisicoquímica y microbiológica del
agua marino-costera en Nicoya, Costa Rica. Métodos: En
octubre de 2021, y mayo y junio de 2022, usamos
métodos estándar para evaluar las condiciones
fisicoquímicas y microbiológicas del agua, en tres playas
con diferentes administraciones y número de turistas.
Resultados: La temperatura del agua osciló entre 26,1°C y
31,2°C, la salinidad entre 22 y 31ups, el oxígeno disuelto
entre 3,6 y 7,3mg/L y los valores de hidrocarburos totales
suspendidos estuvieron por debajo del límite de
detección. La mayor contaminación fecal se encontró en
época de lluvias, con valores máximos de 3,5x103
NMP/100mL coliformes fecales, 1,1x103 NMP/100mL
Escherichia coli y 2,4x103 NMP/100mL Enteroccocus
faecalis. Conclusión: Si bien la contaminación fecal fue
alta durante la época de lluvias, los parámetros
fisicoquímicos fueron aceptables en las tres playas.
Introduction: Socioeconomic growth has caused pressure on marine ecosystems, and there is little information that can be used for the management of beaches in Nicoya, Costa Rica. Objective: To determine the physicochemical and microbiological quality of marine-coastal water in Nicoya, Costa Rica. Methods: In October 2021, and May and June 2022, we used standard methods to assess physicochemical and microbiological water conditions, in three beaches with different administrations and number of tourists. Results: Water temperature ranged between 26,1°C to 31,2°C, salinity between 22 to 31ups, dissolved oxygen from 3,6 to 7,3mg/L, and total suspended hydrocarbon values were below the detection limit. Higher fecal contamination was found in the rainy season, with maximum values of 3,5x103 NMP/100mL fecal coliforms, 1,1x103 NMP/100mL Escherichia coli and 2,4x103 NMP/100mL Enteroccocus faecalis. Conclusion: While fecal contamination was high during the rainy season, physicochemical parameters were acceptable in the three beaches.
Introduction: Socioeconomic growth has caused pressure on marine ecosystems, and there is little information that can be used for the management of beaches in Nicoya, Costa Rica. Objective: To determine the physicochemical and microbiological quality of marine-coastal water in Nicoya, Costa Rica. Methods: In October 2021, and May and June 2022, we used standard methods to assess physicochemical and microbiological water conditions, in three beaches with different administrations and number of tourists. Results: Water temperature ranged between 26,1°C to 31,2°C, salinity between 22 to 31ups, dissolved oxygen from 3,6 to 7,3mg/L, and total suspended hydrocarbon values were below the detection limit. Higher fecal contamination was found in the rainy season, with maximum values of 3,5x103 NMP/100mL fecal coliforms, 1,1x103 NMP/100mL Escherichia coli and 2,4x103 NMP/100mL Enteroccocus faecalis. Conclusion: While fecal contamination was high during the rainy season, physicochemical parameters were acceptable in the three beaches.
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Keywords
Pollution, Integrated Coastal Management, Fecal Indicator Bacteria, Indicators, CONTAMINACIÓN, Gestión integrada costera, Bacterias indicadoras fecales, Indicadores
Citation
https://revistas.uned.ac.cr/index.php/cuadernos/article/view/4763