Desarrollo del pensamiento computacional mediante una intervención STEM en entornos Maker
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Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo fomentar el desarrollo del pensamiento computacional en estudiantes del II Ciclo de Educación Primaria en Costa Rica. Se propone una intervención didáctica basada en la metodología STEM, diseñada para aplicarse en espacios Maker. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuasiexperimental con un grupo control y uno experimental. A ambos grupos se les administró un pretest y un postest sobre conceptos de computación y programación informática antes y después de la implementación de la propuesta. Los datos se complementaron con observaciones en clase y narrativas. Los resultados indican que la intervención mejoró significativamente el pensamiento computacional de los estudiantes del grupo experimental en comparación con el grupo control. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las metodologías STEM en entornos Maker también fomentan habilidades de pensamiento y colaboración entre pares.
The objective of this research is to promote the development of computational thinking in students of the II Cycle of Primary Education in Costa Rica. A didactic intervention based on the STEM methodology is proposed, designed to be applied in Maker spaces. A quasi-experimental study was carried out with a control group and an experimental group. Both groups were administered a pretest and a posttest on programming and computer programming concepts before and after the implementation of the proposal. The data were complemented with classroom observations and narratives. The results indicate that the intervention significantly improved the computational thinking of the students in the experimental group compared to the control group. These findings suggest that STEM methodologies in Maker environments also foster thinking and collaboration skills.
The objective of this research is to promote the development of computational thinking in students of the II Cycle of Primary Education in Costa Rica. A didactic intervention based on the STEM methodology is proposed, designed to be applied in Maker spaces. A quasi-experimental study was carried out with a control group and an experimental group. Both groups were administered a pretest and a posttest on programming and computer programming concepts before and after the implementation of the proposal. The data were complemented with classroom observations and narratives. The results indicate that the intervention significantly improved the computational thinking of the students in the experimental group compared to the control group. These findings suggest that STEM methodologies in Maker environments also foster thinking and collaboration skills.
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Pensamiento computacional, Entornos maker, STEM, Educación primaria, Computational thinking, Maker space, Primary education, Costa Rica, Programación informática, Enseñanza asistida por ordenador, Competencia digital, Informática educativa, Estudio de caso, Técnica didáctica