Orientaciones sexuales, identidades de género, expresiones y cuerpos LGBTIQ+: Acompañamiento a personas menores de edad desde un enfoque social y de derechos humanos en las oficinas locales del Patronato Nacional de la Infancia, San José Central
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Madrigal Martínez, Silvia
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Abstract
El propósito general de la presente investigación está orientado al análisis del acompañamiento desarrollado por parte de los equipos interdisciplinarios (Trabajo Social, Psicología y Derecho) que se encargan de la atención de personas menores de edad LGBTIQ+ en el Patronato Nacional de la Infancia. Los antecedentes en torno al tema evidenciaron diversos vacíos a nivel nacional e internacional sobre las necesidades, vivencias y realidades atencionales para esta población; inclusive no se encontró ningún estudio que explorara de forma simultánea la relación entre personas menores de edad no heterosexuales y PANI, así como su vinculación con el Enfoque de Derechos Humanos. En cuanto a la estrategia metodológica, es una investigación de corte cualitativa y de tipo descriptiva-exploratoria, debido a las particularidades del objeto de estudio, lo cual permitió la formulación de preguntas, la generación de conjeturas y la exploración de nuevas áreas de interés, identificando patrones, tendencias y relaciones que pueden ser estudiadas de manera posterior, dando especial énfasis a las percepciones y experiencias individuales de las personas participantes. De esta manera, y a partir de las narrativas biográficas de las personas participantes, se concluye que el ejercicio del derecho a la no discriminación por motivos de orientación sexual u orientación del deseo sexual, identidad de género, expresiones y cuerpos no heteronormativos hacia las niñas, los niños y personas adolescentes LGBTIQ+ se ve violentado en todas las esferas sociales, esto como consecuencia de aspectos socio-culturales, religiosos y visiones adultocéntricas que prevalecen en las familias, en las sociedades, en la jurisdicción y en las instituciones públicas.
The general purpose of this research is oriented to the analysis of the accompaniment developed by the interdisciplinary teams (Social Work, Psychology and Law) in charge of the care of LGBTIQ+ minors at the Patronato Nacional de la Infancia. The background information on the subject revealed several gaps at the national and international level on the needs, experiences and realities of care for this population; no study was found that simultaneously explored the relationship between non-heterosexual minors and PANI, as well as its link with the Human Rights Approach. As for the methodological strategy, it is a qualitative and descriptive-exploratory type of research, due to the particularities of the object of study, which allowed the formulation of questions, the generation of conjectures and the exploration of new areas of interest, identifying patterns, trends and relationships that can be studied further, giving special emphasis to the perceptions and individual experiences of the participants. In this way, and from the biographical narratives of the participants, it is concluded that the exercise of the right to non-discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation or orientation of sexual desire, gender identity, non-heteronormative expressions and bodies towards LGBTIQ+ children and adolescents is violated in all social spheres, as a consequence of socio-cultural and religious aspects and adult-centric visions that prevail in families, societies, jurisdictions and public institutions.
The general purpose of this research is oriented to the analysis of the accompaniment developed by the interdisciplinary teams (Social Work, Psychology and Law) in charge of the care of LGBTIQ+ minors at the Patronato Nacional de la Infancia. The background information on the subject revealed several gaps at the national and international level on the needs, experiences and realities of care for this population; no study was found that simultaneously explored the relationship between non-heterosexual minors and PANI, as well as its link with the Human Rights Approach. As for the methodological strategy, it is a qualitative and descriptive-exploratory type of research, due to the particularities of the object of study, which allowed the formulation of questions, the generation of conjectures and the exploration of new areas of interest, identifying patterns, trends and relationships that can be studied further, giving special emphasis to the perceptions and individual experiences of the participants. In this way, and from the biographical narratives of the participants, it is concluded that the exercise of the right to non-discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation or orientation of sexual desire, gender identity, non-heteronormative expressions and bodies towards LGBTIQ+ children and adolescents is violated in all social spheres, as a consequence of socio-cultural and religious aspects and adult-centric visions that prevail in families, societies, jurisdictions and public institutions.
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personas menores de edad LGBTIQ+, diversidades afectivas-sexuales, derechos humanos, PANI, LGBTIQ+ minors, affective-sexual diversities, human rights