La génesis de la teoría relativista de electrones de Dirac (texto original de Helge Kragh)
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Vásquez May, Juan Manuel
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Universidad de Costa Rica
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El artículo del notable historiador de la física Dr. Helge Kragh, traducido aquí al español, es un importante estudio histórico de uno de los grandes hitos de la física: la teoría cuántica relativista de electrones de P. A. M. Dirac (1902-1984). Su estudio incluye fuentes no antes utilizadas del Archive for the History of Quantum Physics del Archivo Niels Bohr de Copenhague, y analiza el desarrollo de la mecánica cuántica relativista desde 1926 hasta poco antes de la publicación del artículo del físico inglés en febrero de 1928, en perspectiva crítica de los trabajos y las valoraciones personales del propio Dirac y de otros científicos e historiadores sobre sus contribuciones e invenciones, aportando esclarecimientos novedosos sobre su metodología, trasfondo cultural y, principalmente, sobre el rol que jugaron, en los procedimientos de Dirac, los principios relativistas y mecánico-cuánticos en la elaboración de una síntesis teórica, concordante con su correlativa fenomenología experimental, de la teoría del electrón.
This is a Spanish version of a very important paper, written by a notable historian of physics, Dr. Helge Kragh, which studies one of the great landmarks in the History of Physics: the Relativistic Quantum Theory of Electrons of P. A. M. Dirac (1902-1984). His study includes sources not used before from the Archive for the History of Quantum Physics, from the Niels Bohr Archive in Copenhagen, and analyzes the development of the Relativistic Quantum Mechanics from 1927 until close before the publication of the February 1928 paper of the English Physicist, in critical perspective of his works and his personal appraisals and from other colleagues and historians of his contributions and inventions, giving new elucidations on his methodology, cultural background and, principally, on the role that plays, in Dirac’s procedures, the relativistic and quantum mechanical principles in working out a theoretical synthesis, concordant with his correlative experimental phenomenology, of the electron theory.
This is a Spanish version of a very important paper, written by a notable historian of physics, Dr. Helge Kragh, which studies one of the great landmarks in the History of Physics: the Relativistic Quantum Theory of Electrons of P. A. M. Dirac (1902-1984). His study includes sources not used before from the Archive for the History of Quantum Physics, from the Niels Bohr Archive in Copenhagen, and analyzes the development of the Relativistic Quantum Mechanics from 1927 until close before the publication of the February 1928 paper of the English Physicist, in critical perspective of his works and his personal appraisals and from other colleagues and historians of his contributions and inventions, giving new elucidations on his methodology, cultural background and, principally, on the role that plays, in Dirac’s procedures, the relativistic and quantum mechanical principles in working out a theoretical synthesis, concordant with his correlative experimental phenomenology, of the electron theory.
Keywords
historia de la ciencia, filosofía de la ciencia, historia de la física, historia de la teoría de la relatividad, historia de la física cuántica, history of science, philosophy of science, history of physics, history of the theory of relativity, history of quantum physics