Desarrollo costero y ambientes marino-costeros en Bahía Culebra, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
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Sánchez Noguera, Celeste
Cortés Núñez, Jorge
Jiménez Centeno, Carlos
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Abstract
Bahía Culebra ha experimentado un proceso acelerado de desarrollo costero desde la implementación del proyecto Polo Turístico Golfo de Papagayo. Este trabajo analiza el cambio temporal en el estado de salud sus ecosistemas marino-costeros, a partir de evaluaciones efectuadas entre 1993 y 2011. La alta calidad sanitaria y estética de la bahía se ha mantenido constante en la escala temporal. Sin embargo, los arrecifes coralinos están degradados con porcentajes de coral muerto superiores al 65% en todos los sitios, y se determina que dicho proceso es resultado de la combinación de diversos factores de origen natural y antropogénico. Sólo una empresa demostró compromiso hacia el cumplimiento de las obligaciones de sostenibilidad turísticas contempladas en el Plan Maestro, mediante la ejecución de acciones y programas de índole social y ambiental. Para gestionar adecuadamente el aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales en Bahía Culebra se deben implementar acciones que favorezcan el proceso de recuperación de los ecosistemas y que involucren a todos los actores, su abordaje debe considerar el manejo adecuado de los residuos, el uso actual de los recursos, la educación ambiental y las relaciones que se desarrollan entre los distintos actores.
Coastal development and marine ecosystems in Culebra Bay, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Culebra Bay (North Pacific, Costa Rica) is under an accelerated process of coastal development since the implementation of the large-scale tourism development Gulf of Papagayo Project. This study aims to identify changes in the health status of marine ecosystems within the bay, during a 18yr time period (1993-2011). The high sanitary and aesthetic quality of this bay has remained constant through time. However, coral reefs are degraded and dead coral accounts for more than 65 % of benthic coverage, likely due to a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. During the study period, only one of the developers consortium has proved their commitment to accomplishing the goals of sustainable development, as established in the bay’s Master Plan, through the practice of social and environmental programs. Management of natural resources in Culebra Bay requires the implementation of specific actions to promote the ecosystems’ recovery, with inclusion of all stakeholders. It must consider the current use of natural resources and include water waste management and environmental education programs. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(Suppl. 1): S309-S327. Epub 2018 April 01.
Coastal development and marine ecosystems in Culebra Bay, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Culebra Bay (North Pacific, Costa Rica) is under an accelerated process of coastal development since the implementation of the large-scale tourism development Gulf of Papagayo Project. This study aims to identify changes in the health status of marine ecosystems within the bay, during a 18yr time period (1993-2011). The high sanitary and aesthetic quality of this bay has remained constant through time. However, coral reefs are degraded and dead coral accounts for more than 65 % of benthic coverage, likely due to a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. During the study period, only one of the developers consortium has proved their commitment to accomplishing the goals of sustainable development, as established in the bay’s Master Plan, through the practice of social and environmental programs. Management of natural resources in Culebra Bay requires the implementation of specific actions to promote the ecosystems’ recovery, with inclusion of all stakeholders. It must consider the current use of natural resources and include water waste management and environmental education programs. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(Suppl. 1): S309-S327. Epub 2018 April 01.
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Keywords
coral reefs, integrated management, Tourism, Pollution, Gulf of Papagayo Projec, arrecife coralino, Turismo, Contaminación, Polo Turístico Golfo de Papagayo
Citation
https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/33301