Las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera: historia, impacto y nuevos retos de la IASB
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Ugalde Binda, Nadia
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Universidad de Costa Rica
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La internacionalización de las transacciones comerciales de la postguerra, la expansión empresarial a través de fusiones y adquisiciones así como el interés de abarcar carteras de inversiones más diversificadas, obligan a los organismos a redactar estándares contables uniformes en todos los países que permitan la comparabilidad de la información financiera para estas nuevas “compañías multinacionales” (Zeff, 2012). Así surge en 1973 la IASC, con sede en Londres como un primer intento de establecer los estándares básicos internacionales llamados Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad. En este artículo se hace un recorrido histórico de las instituciones involucradas en la formulación de estas normas, las implicaciones que su aplicación ha tenido sobre los estados financieros, cómo algunos países han hecho adaptaciones a las mismas y cuáles son los principales retos que la IASB debe afrontar en el futuro.
The internationalization of business transactions, business expansion through mergers and acquisitions, and the interest of covering more diversified investment portfolios, require agencies to draft uniform accounting standards across countries to allow comparability of financial information for these new "multinational companies" (Zeff, 2012). Thus, in 1973 arises the IASC, based in London as a first attempt to establish international basic standards called International Accounting Standards. This article is a historical overview of the institutions involved in the formulation of these rules, the implications that its implementation has had on the financial statements, how some countries have made adjustments to them and what are the main challenges that the IASB should face in the future.
The internationalization of business transactions, business expansion through mergers and acquisitions, and the interest of covering more diversified investment portfolios, require agencies to draft uniform accounting standards across countries to allow comparability of financial information for these new "multinational companies" (Zeff, 2012). Thus, in 1973 arises the IASC, based in London as a first attempt to establish international basic standards called International Accounting Standards. This article is a historical overview of the institutions involved in the formulation of these rules, the implications that its implementation has had on the financial statements, how some countries have made adjustments to them and what are the main challenges that the IASB should face in the future.
Keywords
NORMAS, CONTABILIDAD, COMPARABILIDAD, INFORMES FINANCIEROS, STANDARDS, ACCOUNTING, COMPARABILITY, FINANCIAL REPORTS