Feeding heat-treated colostrum or unheated colostrum with two different bacterial concentrations to neonatal dairy calves
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Date
2009
Authors
Elizondo Salazar, Jorge Alberto
Heinrichs, Arlyn Jud
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the
effects of feeding heat-treated colostrum or unheated
colostrum of different bacterial counts on passive transfer
of immunity in neonatal dairy calves. First milking
colostrum was collected from Holstein cows, frozen at
−20°C, and then thawed and pooled into a single batch.
One-third of the pooled colostrum was transferred into
plastic containers and frozen at −20°C until needed
for feeding (unheated-low bacteria). Another third was
heat-treated at 60°C for 30 min and then frozen at −20°C
until needed for feeding (heat-treated). The final third
of colostrum was transferred into plastic containers,
stored at 20°C for bacteria to grow for 24 h (unheatedhigh
bacteria), and then frozen at −20°C until needed
for feeding. A total of 30 Holstein bull calves weighing
≥30 kg at birth were systematically enrolled into 1 of
the 3 treatment groups. Calves were separated from
their dams at birth before suckling occurred. Before
colostrum was fed, a jugular blood sample was collected
from each calf. The first feeding consisted of 3.8 L of
colostrum containing, on average, 68 g of IgG/L using
an esophageal feeder between 1.5 and 2 h after birth.
For the second and third feeding pasteurized whole
milk at 5% of birth weight was fed. Blood samples were
collected before colostrum feeding and at 24 and 48 h
of age to determine serum total protein (STP) and IgG
concentrations. Heat treatment of colostrum at 60°C
for 30 min reduced colostrum bacteria concentration
yet maintained colostral IgG concentration and viscosity
at similar levels to the control treatment. Calves fed
heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater STP
and IgG concentrations at 24 h and greater apparent
efficiency of absorption (AEA) of IgG (STP = 62.5
g/L; IgG = 26.7 g/L; AEA = 43.9%) compared with
calves fed unheated-low bacteria colostrum (STP =
57.0 g/L; IgG = 20.2 g/L; AEA = 35.4%) or unheatedhigh
bacteria colostrum (STP = 56.2 g/L; IgG = 20.1
g/L; AEA = 32.4%). High bacteria load in colostrum
did not interfere with total protein or IgG absorption
or AEA.
Description
Keywords
Colostrum, IgG, Serum protein, Apparent efficiency of absorption, CATTLE
Citation
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030209707830