Entender el extractivismo en regiones fronterizas. Monocultivos y despojo en las fronteras de Costa Rica
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Rodriguez Echavarría, Tania
Obando Campos, Alexa
Acuña Alvarado, Marylaura
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Abstract
Las regiones fronterizas centroamericanas están marcadas por la presencia de importantes actividades extractivas como la minería, el petróleo y los monocultivos de piña, banano, cítricos y palma africana. El presente artículo busca analizar la relación que existe entre las regiones fronterizas y la presencia de actividades extractivas mediante dos estudios de caso: el cantón de Talamanca localizado en la cuenca fronteriza del río Sixaola compartida entre Costa Rica y Panamá, y el caso de la Zona Norte de Costa Rica que colinda con Nicaragua. Se analizarán los factores históricos y políticos que facilitaron la instalación de empresas extractivas, se identificarán los principales actores que intervienen en los procesos de extracción de piña y banano. Se presentará la expansión de estos monocultivos como una forma de despojo y de acumulación de la tierra, lo que genera importantes costos económicos, daños ambientales y sociales en las regiones de estudio.
Central American border regions are marked by the presence of massive extraction industries such as mining and oil as well as pineapple, banana, citric and palm oil monocultures. This article seeks to analyze the link between border regions and the presence of extraction industries for two case studies: the canton of Talamanca on the River Sixaola basin onthe border between Costa Rica and Panamá) and the North Zone of Costa Rica on the border with Nicaragua. The article analyzes the historical and political factors that facilitated the establishment of extraction industries and identifies the main public and private actors that interfere in the pineapple and banana extraction processes. The growth of this kind of monocultures is depicted as a means of plundering and amassing land that causes high financial costs, and ecological and social damage in the study regions.
Central American border regions are marked by the presence of massive extraction industries such as mining and oil as well as pineapple, banana, citric and palm oil monocultures. This article seeks to analyze the link between border regions and the presence of extraction industries for two case studies: the canton of Talamanca on the River Sixaola basin onthe border between Costa Rica and Panamá) and the North Zone of Costa Rica on the border with Nicaragua. The article analyzes the historical and political factors that facilitated the establishment of extraction industries and identifies the main public and private actors that interfere in the pineapple and banana extraction processes. The growth of this kind of monocultures is depicted as a means of plundering and amassing land that causes high financial costs, and ecological and social damage in the study regions.
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Fronteras, Extractivismo, Monocultivos, Despojo, Costa Rica, Borders, Extractivism, Monocultures, Plundering, Costa Rica
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http://revistas.ecosur.mx/sociedadyambiente/index.php/sya/article/view/1845
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