Metodología para evaluar la condición de transformadores eléctricos de potencia basada en un índice de salud
Fecha
2023
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Núñez Mata, Óscar
Gómez Ramírez, Gustavo Adolfo
Acuña Rojas, Fauricio
González Solís, César
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Resumen
El desarrollo de sistemas de monitoreo de condición que sigue la evolución del desgaste de los transformadores de potencia es esencial para una operación segura y confiable de los sistemas eléctricos. Contar con herramientas de monitoreo de condición se ha convertido en una prioridad de las compañías eléctricas, siendo esto una tarea compleja, ya que la operación del transformador combina distintas solicitaciones. Algunos autores proponen el uso de índices de salud, que recogen, en un solo parámetro, la condición del activo. Para la obtención del índice, se utilizan resultados de pruebas que verifican el estado de las partes. Este será la base para evaluar la salud global y facilitar la identificación de modos de falla. Este trabajo propone una herramienta novedosa que evalúa los transformadores de potencia basada en un índice de salud, sobre la base de una suma de puntajes ponderados. Este enfoque de separar el transformador en dos zonas busca facilitar su diagnóstico y la evaluación. Se logró determinar con criterio experto la importancia de cada prueba, apoyado en la normativa internacional. Los resultados obtenidos en los casos de estudio mostraron un buen desempeño del índice de salud al evaluar cinco transformadores de potencia. El valor del índice de salud calculado para cada transformador coincidió con los resultados de las evaluaciones ejecutadas posteriormente a la realización de las pruebas. Esto indica que avanzar hacia el uso de un índice de salud para evaluar el estado del transformador puede mejorar el seguimiento de la condición de estos equipos.
The development of condition monitoring systems that follow the evolution of power transformer aging is essential for safe and reliable operation of electrical systems. Having condition monitoring tools has become a priority for power companies, this being a complex task, since the operation of the transformer combines different requests. Some authors propose the use of health indices, which collect, in a single parameter, the condition of the equipment. To obtain the index, test results are used to verify the condition of the parts. This will be the basis for evaluating global health and facilitating the identification of failure modes. This work proposes a novel tool that evaluates power transformers based on a health index, based on a sum of weighted scores. This approach of separating the transformer into two zones seeks to facilitate its diagnosis and evaluation. It was possible to determine with expert criteria the importance of each test, supported by international regulations. The results obtained in the case studies showed a good performance of the health index when evaluating five power transformers. The value of the health index calculated for each transformer coincided with the results of the evaluations carried out after the tests were executed. This indicates that moving towards the use of a health index to assess the transformer can improve the monitoring of the condition of this equipment.
The development of condition monitoring systems that follow the evolution of power transformer aging is essential for safe and reliable operation of electrical systems. Having condition monitoring tools has become a priority for power companies, this being a complex task, since the operation of the transformer combines different requests. Some authors propose the use of health indices, which collect, in a single parameter, the condition of the equipment. To obtain the index, test results are used to verify the condition of the parts. This will be the basis for evaluating global health and facilitating the identification of failure modes. This work proposes a novel tool that evaluates power transformers based on a health index, based on a sum of weighted scores. This approach of separating the transformer into two zones seeks to facilitate its diagnosis and evaluation. It was possible to determine with expert criteria the importance of each test, supported by international regulations. The results obtained in the case studies showed a good performance of the health index when evaluating five power transformers. The value of the health index calculated for each transformer coincided with the results of the evaluations carried out after the tests were executed. This indicates that moving towards the use of a health index to assess the transformer can improve the monitoring of the condition of this equipment.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Análisis de falla, Análisis químico, Prueba de aislamiento, Sistemas eléctricos de potencia, Transformador de potencia