Mirmecofauna y perturbación en un bosque de niebla neotropical (Reserva Natural Hato Viejo, Valle del Cauca, Colombia)
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Authors
Bustos H., Javier
Ulloa Chacón, Patricia
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Universidad de Costa Rica
Abstract
Description
El área de estudio está localizada en la Reserva Hato Viejo en los Andes colombianos y pertenece al Parque Na· cional Natural Los Farallones de Cali. Entre enero y agosto de 1993, se comparo la mirmecofauna en nueve transectos correspondientes a tres estados sucesionales de bosque nu· blado: bosque primario, bosque secundario y zona en regeneración. Se registró un total de 25 especies de hormigas; se observaron diferencias significativas en la riqueza y di· versidad de especies, entre los tres estados sucesionales con una diversidad menor en la zona en regeneración. Si bien no se presentaron diferencias significativas de diversidad entre bosques secundarios y primarios, cada estado sucesional tuvo una composición faunística determinada. Este hecho se relaciona con algunas características de estructura vegetal y factores microclimáticos, como la temperatura. de cada estado sucesional. Los bosques primarios ofrecen una estructura vegetal más compleja y una mayor estabilidad mi· croclimática, que favorecen hábitos especialistas. Se detecta· ron grupos de especies raras y de especies comunes, exclusivos de cada estado sucesional, que pueden ser usados como indicadores del grado de perturbación.
The study area is located in a highland rain forest of the Colombian Andes in the Farallones de Cali National Park .. Between January and August, 1993, a comparison of the ant fauna was carried in nine transects corre sponding to three successional stages: primary forest, secondary forest and regeneration area. A total of 25 ant species was recorded; significant differences in species richness and diversity arnong the three successional stages were found, with the lowest diversity in the regeneration area. Although the difference in diversity between secondary and primary forests was not significant, each of the sucessional stages has a characteristic species composition. This faet can be related with sorne factors of their vegetation structure and microclima, such as temperature. Vegetation of primary forests is more complex tban that of perturbed areas and, thus, microclirnatic stability, allowing specialized behaviors. We found groups of rare species and common species exclusive of each successional stage, that could be considered as indicators of the degree of disturbance.
The study area is located in a highland rain forest of the Colombian Andes in the Farallones de Cali National Park .. Between January and August, 1993, a comparison of the ant fauna was carried in nine transects corre sponding to three successional stages: primary forest, secondary forest and regeneration area. A total of 25 ant species was recorded; significant differences in species richness and diversity arnong the three successional stages were found, with the lowest diversity in the regeneration area. Although the difference in diversity between secondary and primary forests was not significant, each of the sucessional stages has a characteristic species composition. This faet can be related with sorne factors of their vegetation structure and microclima, such as temperature. Vegetation of primary forests is more complex tban that of perturbed areas and, thus, microclirnatic stability, allowing specialized behaviors. We found groups of rare species and common species exclusive of each successional stage, that could be considered as indicators of the degree of disturbance.
Keywords
Colombia, andes, ants, diversity, disturbance, indicators