Anatomía y usos de la madera de ocho especies tropicales de Quintana Roo, México
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Date
Authors
Rebollar, Silvia
Quintanar, Alejandra
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Universidad de Costa Rica
Abstract
Description
Se estudió la anatollÚa de la madera de ocho especies procedentes de asociaciones secundarias de las selvas alta y mediana subperennifolia del estado de Quintana Roo: Acacia gaumeri, Diphysa carthagenensis Gliricidía sepium, Leucaena glauca, Senna mcemosa, Murraya panículata, Maytenus guatemalensis, y Pímenta dioica, de acuerdo con la metodología establecida. Son especies de interés por su distribución, abundancia en el estado, y por los usos que tradicionalmente les han dado los campesinos mayas en postería, cercas, construcción rural durrnintes, tablones y leña, debido a las cualidades de dureza y resistencia a la humedad y a los insectos. Las especies presentan porosidad difusa,l os vasos con puntuaciones areoladas opuestas y alternas, la placa perforada es simple; el parénquima axial se presenta aliforrne y en bandas; con cristales en todas las especies a excepción de Acacia gaumeri y Senna racemosa. Los rayos son bajos finos y numerosos; las fibras son de tipo libriforrne. Las diferencias encontradas son: el arreglo de los poros, tipo de parénquima axial y radial, la presencia de fibrotraqueidas y traqueidas vasculares y tílides.
This paper describes the wood anatomy of Acacia gaumeri Blake, Diphysa carthagenensis Jacq., Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud., Leucaena glauca (L.) Benth., Senna racemosa (Mill) Irwin & Bameby, Murraya paniculata L.Mant., Maytenus guatemalensis Lundell; and Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. These species are aesthetically attractive as well as hard, highly durable and resistant to insects and locally are widely used in posts, fences, sleepers and rural buildings. Samples were collected from the rainfores! in Quintana Roo, Mexico. One tree for each species was collected, and macroscopic and microscopic characteristics were described and measured in wood samples, perrnanent slides and macerated material. Woods have diffuse porosity, simple perforation plates, alternate and opposite vessel pits and small rays. Crystals are absent only in Acacia gaumeri and Senna racemosa. Axial parenchyma aliforrn paratracheal, banded types and líbriforrn tibres were cornmon. Differences were found in rays, pore arrangement, presence of fibrotracheids, vascular tracheids and tylos
This paper describes the wood anatomy of Acacia gaumeri Blake, Diphysa carthagenensis Jacq., Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud., Leucaena glauca (L.) Benth., Senna racemosa (Mill) Irwin & Bameby, Murraya paniculata L.Mant., Maytenus guatemalensis Lundell; and Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. These species are aesthetically attractive as well as hard, highly durable and resistant to insects and locally are widely used in posts, fences, sleepers and rural buildings. Samples were collected from the rainfores! in Quintana Roo, Mexico. One tree for each species was collected, and macroscopic and microscopic characteristics were described and measured in wood samples, perrnanent slides and macerated material. Woods have diffuse porosity, simple perforation plates, alternate and opposite vessel pits and small rays. Crystals are absent only in Acacia gaumeri and Senna racemosa. Axial parenchyma aliforrn paratracheal, banded types and líbriforrn tibres were cornmon. Differences were found in rays, pore arrangement, presence of fibrotracheids, vascular tracheids and tylos
Keywords
wood anatomy, trees, tropical rain forest, quintana Roo, México