TRAS DE CUERNOS, PALOS. PERCEPCIONES SOBRE COSTA RICA COMO IMÁN DE BIENESTAR EN LA CRISIS DEL SEGURO SOCIAL1
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Date
Authors
Voorend, Koen
Venegas Bermúdez, Karla
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Publisher
Universidad de Costa Rica
Abstract
Description
En el contexto de una crisis de la institución emblemática del régimen de protección socialcostarricense, la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social (ccss), la integración de la poblacióninmigrante nicaragüense se vuelve aún más polémica. Como respuesta, el Estado costarricense,a través de reformas a la Ley de Migración, así como de nuevas y viejas políticasdentro de la misma ccss, crea nuevas fronteras alrededor de la salud, haciendo más difícilel acceso para inmigrantes. Para entender estas reacciones, se analiza la importancia dela construcción social del sujeto inmigrante desde las instituciones estatales de políticasocial. Con base en una serie de entrevistas con funcionarios públicos, se demuestra queexiste una fuerte percepción de Costa Rica como “imán de bienestar”, la migración vistacomo un ‘mal necesario’ y que se cuestiona la legitimidad de la demanda de servicios desalud de la población nicaragüense a partir de la percibida “ilegalidad” de la misma.
In the context of a crisis of the flagship institution of Costa Rica’s social protection system,the Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social, the integration of Nicaraguan immigrants hasbecome even more controversial. The State’s reaction, through reforms to the MigrationLaw and new and revived policies within the ccss, has been to create boundaries around health services, making access more difficult for immigrants. To understand these reactions,we argue that it is important to analyze the social construction of the immigrantsubject by public social policy institutions. Based on a series of interviews with publicofficials, we show that there is a strong perception of Costa Rica being a “welfare magnet”,migration is seen as a “necessary evil” and that the legitimacy of Nicaraguan immigrants’demand for health services is questioned based on their perceived “illegality”.
In the context of a crisis of the flagship institution of Costa Rica’s social protection system,the Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social, the integration of Nicaraguan immigrants hasbecome even more controversial. The State’s reaction, through reforms to the MigrationLaw and new and revived policies within the ccss, has been to create boundaries around health services, making access more difficult for immigrants. To understand these reactions,we argue that it is important to analyze the social construction of the immigrantsubject by public social policy institutions. Based on a series of interviews with publicofficials, we show that there is a strong perception of Costa Rica being a “welfare magnet”,migration is seen as a “necessary evil” and that the legitimacy of Nicaraguan immigrants’demand for health services is questioned based on their perceived “illegality”.
Keywords
INMIGRACIÓN * PERCEPCIÓN * POLÍTICA SOCIAL * POLÍTICA MIGRATORIA * BIENESTAR SOCIAL, IMMIGRATION * PERCEPTION * SOCIAL POLICY * MIGRATION POLICY * SOCIAL WELFARE