Emparejamiento entre competencias y empleo en el mercado laboral costarricense
Fecha
2019
Autores
Rojas Blanco, Laura Cristina
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Resumen
Se utilizó la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares 2011-2017 para estimar los tipos de emparejamiento laborales a partir de la definición de Chevalier (2003). Se estudian las covariantes al tipo de emparejamiento utilizando un análisis logit multinomial y se analizan las ecuaciones salariales en función del tipo de emparejamiento y el nivel de competencias. Para la población ocupada mayor de edad, se encuentra una tasa de subcalificación de 28,9%, mientras que las tasas de aparente y genuina sobrecalificación son de 13,3% y 0,8%, respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que la subcalificación se encuentra asociada a un premio salarial de aproximadamente 30%, mientras que la aparente sobrecalificación y la sobrecalificación real presentan un castigo promedio equivalente al 35% y 47,5% del salario, respectivamente. Para la población con estudios superiores, el castigo a la aparente y genuina sobrecalificación se estiman en 38,9% y 49,3%, respectivamente.
Skill mismatches are estimated using the National Household Survey 2011-2017, as defined by Chevalier (2003). A logit multinomial analysis is used to study the covariates of skill mismatches and wage equations are analyzed as a function of the workers’ skill mismatches and competence levels. The working adult population is found to have an underqualification level of 28.9%, while apparent and genuine overqualification levels are 13.3% and 0.8%, respectively. Results show that underqualification is associated to a wage premium of about 30%, while apparent and genuine overqualification have a 35% and 47.5% wage penalty, respectively. Graduates from tertiary institutions with an apparent overqualification level report a wage penalty of 38.9%, and it increases to 49.3% for those with a genuine overqualification level.
Skill mismatches are estimated using the National Household Survey 2011-2017, as defined by Chevalier (2003). A logit multinomial analysis is used to study the covariates of skill mismatches and wage equations are analyzed as a function of the workers’ skill mismatches and competence levels. The working adult population is found to have an underqualification level of 28.9%, while apparent and genuine overqualification levels are 13.3% and 0.8%, respectively. Results show that underqualification is associated to a wage premium of about 30%, while apparent and genuine overqualification have a 35% and 47.5% wage penalty, respectively. Graduates from tertiary institutions with an apparent overqualification level report a wage penalty of 38.9%, and it increases to 49.3% for those with a genuine overqualification level.