Combate de malezas, en monocultivo de maní forrajero (Arachis pintoi)
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Araya Mora, Eugenio
Elizondo Salazar, Jorge Alberto
Jiménez Crespo, Carlos
Quan Anckermann, Anaité
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Abstract
Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de generar información sobre la eficacia de cuatro tratamientos
químicos (herbicidas) en el control de malas hierbas, en comparación con la deshierba manual y un tratamiento testigo, todos los tratamientos tuvieron un manejo en rotación con 6,5 Unidades Animales (12 animales de 250 kg por cinco horas), con base en un monocultivo de maní forrajero de una
área de 1.080 m2, con un descanso de 30 días. Para la evaluación de las diferentes variables se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con seis tratamientos y tres repeticiones por tratamiento. Con el fin de determinar la cobertura del cultivo, tolerancia al ingrediente activo, grado
de control del tratamiento y cuantificar la composición botánica de la pastura, se llevaron a cabo cuatro evaluaciones; 0, 30, 60 y 90 días de la aplicación de los tratamientos. Previamente a cada muestreo, se hizo un inventario de las malezas presentes en cada una de las parcelas de tratamiento. Con los
tratamientos glifosato y limpieza manual se obtuvo la mayor cobertura de maní forrajero. El maní forrajero toleró adecuadamente todos los tratamientos, pero el glifosato y la limpieza manual, respectivamente dieron el mejor control de malezas. La producción de materia seca de las malezas y su porcentaje en la pastura disminuyó con el tiempo de muestreo. La mayor producción y porcentaje de materia seca, se
obtuvo con el tratamiento testigo.
Fighting weeds in mono-cultures of forage peanut(Arachis pintoi).Weevaluated four chemical treatments(herbicides) used to fight weeds, as compared to manualweed picking and using a witness treatment. All treatmentshad a rotational handling with 6.5 animal units (12 animals of250 kg per five haurs). We used a proteid bank or mono-culture of forage peanut, in an arca of 1080 sq.mt., with a 30days break. In order to evaluate the many variables, we usedan experimen-tal design of complete random blocks, with sixtreatments and tree repetitions per treatment. In order todetermine the coverage of the culture, its tolerance to theactive ingredient and the level of treatment control, wecarried out four evaluations: 0, 30, 60, and 90 days oftreatment application. We found differences (P<0.01)between treatments related to the degree of coverage of theforage peanut plants. With Gliphosate and manual weeding,we obtained a dominant coverage of forage peanut, whilewith the witness treatment the degree of coverage wasinferior. The production of dry matter from the weeds, as wellas their percentage in the pasture, decreased in a significantway (P<0.01), through the sampling process. With thewitness treatment we obtained the largest amount of drymatter in the weeds, and also the highest percentage of weedsin the pasture.
Fighting weeds in mono-cultures of forage peanut(Arachis pintoi).Weevaluated four chemical treatments(herbicides) used to fight weeds, as compared to manualweed picking and using a witness treatment. All treatmentshad a rotational handling with 6.5 animal units (12 animals of250 kg per five haurs). We used a proteid bank or mono-culture of forage peanut, in an arca of 1080 sq.mt., with a 30days break. In order to evaluate the many variables, we usedan experimen-tal design of complete random blocks, with sixtreatments and tree repetitions per treatment. In order todetermine the coverage of the culture, its tolerance to theactive ingredient and the level of treatment control, wecarried out four evaluations: 0, 30, 60, and 90 days oftreatment application. We found differences (P<0.01)between treatments related to the degree of coverage of theforage peanut plants. With Gliphosate and manual weeding,we obtained a dominant coverage of forage peanut, whilewith the witness treatment the degree of coverage wasinferior. The production of dry matter from the weeds, as wellas their percentage in the pasture, decreased in a significantway (P<0.01), through the sampling process. With thewitness treatment we obtained the largest amount of drymatter in the weeds, and also the highest percentage of weedsin the pasture.
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Keywords
Maní forrajero, Leguminosa, HERBICIDA
Citation
https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/24654