Estudio sobre la prolongación de la permanencia en la carrera de Farmacia de la Universidad de Costa Rica y propuesta para su abordaje
Fecha
2022-11-30
Autores
Arias Mora, Freddy
Núñez Mena, Alex
Regueyra Edelman, María Gabriela
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Resumen
Introducción: la prolongación de la permanencia estudiantil en Farmacia generó que la
carrera investigue el impacto que tiene el plan de estudios y algunos cursos clave en este
aumento. Objetivo: analizar el comportamiento en la aprobación de cursos seleccionados
de la carrera de Farmacia de la UCR y su impacto en la permanencia y graduación del
estudiantado. Métodos: en una primera etapa, se realizó un estudio cuantitativo con
enfoque descriptivo y longitudinal, exploratorio, que analiza de manera retrospectiva
información sobre la aprobación/reprobación de 46 cursos seleccionados de los dos planes
de estudio vigentes de la carrera de Farmacia, para las cohortes estudiantiles del 2002 al
2018. En la segunda etapa, se diagramaron los planes de estudios en flujos que
relacionaron los requisitos de aprobación de los cursos, su ubicación en cada plan de
estudios y el porcentaje de estudiantes que aprobaron el curso en la primera matrícula, para
obtener un modelo adecuado para realizar la simulación. En la etapa final, se simuló un
modelo de los planes de estudio que permitió obtener la cantidad de ciclos requeridos para
completar el recorrido del plan. Resultados: la diagramación reveló que los cursos de
menor aprobación están ubicados en los primeros seis ciclos de la carrera. Se observa una
mejora del 21,8 % y del 16,4 % en el promedio de ciclos requeridos para alcanzar el sexto
nivel y la Licenciatura en Farmacia, respectivamente, al comparar el Plan 2, implementado
en 2016, respecto al Plan 1. Se logró identificar, por medio de la simulación del nuevo plan
de estudios, que son cuatro los cursos que limitan en mayor medida el avance del
estudiantado (cuellos de botella), ya que presentan altos porcentajes de reprobación y
comparten un flujo secuencial en el plan. Conclusiones: la simulación del plan de estudios
permite proyectar los resultados de las propuestas que surjan en la carrera antes de su
implementación y orientar las decisiones hacia mejores resultados. Se evidencia que las
habilidades cuantitativas en el estudiantado son fundamentales para avanzar según el plan
de estudios de la carrera en Farmacia.
Introduction: the extension of the student stays in Pharmacy led the career to investigate the impact that the curriculum and some key courses have on this increase. Aim: to analyze the behavior in the approval of selected courses of the Pharmacy career of the UCR and its impact on the permanence and graduation of the students. Methods: in the first stage, a quantitative study was carried out with a descriptive and longitudinal, exploratory approach, which retrospectively analyzes information on the approval / failure of 46 selected courses from the two current study plans of the Pharmacy career, for the cohorts’ students from 2002 to 2018. In the second stage, the study plans were diagrammed in flows that related the approval requirements of the courses, their location in each study plan and the percentage of students who approved the course in the first enrollment, to obtain a suitable model to carry out the simulation. In the final stage, a model of the study plans was simulated, which made it possible to obtain the number of cycles required to complete the course of the plan. Results: the layout revealed that the courses with the lowest approval are in the first six cycles of the degree. An improvement of 21.8 % and 16.4 % is observed in the average of cycles required to reach the sixth level and the Bachelor of Pharmacy, respectively, when comparing Plan 2 implemented in 2016, compared to Plan 1. It was achieved Identify, through the simulation of the new study plan, that there are four courses that limit the progress of the student body to a greater extent (bottlenecks), since they present high percentages of failure and share a sequential flow in the plan. Conclusions: the simulation of the study plan allows projecting the results of the proposals that arise in the career before its implementation and guiding decisions towards better results. It is evident that the quantitative skills in the student body are fundamental to advance according to the study plan of the career in Pharmacy.
Introduction: the extension of the student stays in Pharmacy led the career to investigate the impact that the curriculum and some key courses have on this increase. Aim: to analyze the behavior in the approval of selected courses of the Pharmacy career of the UCR and its impact on the permanence and graduation of the students. Methods: in the first stage, a quantitative study was carried out with a descriptive and longitudinal, exploratory approach, which retrospectively analyzes information on the approval / failure of 46 selected courses from the two current study plans of the Pharmacy career, for the cohorts’ students from 2002 to 2018. In the second stage, the study plans were diagrammed in flows that related the approval requirements of the courses, their location in each study plan and the percentage of students who approved the course in the first enrollment, to obtain a suitable model to carry out the simulation. In the final stage, a model of the study plans was simulated, which made it possible to obtain the number of cycles required to complete the course of the plan. Results: the layout revealed that the courses with the lowest approval are in the first six cycles of the degree. An improvement of 21.8 % and 16.4 % is observed in the average of cycles required to reach the sixth level and the Bachelor of Pharmacy, respectively, when comparing Plan 2 implemented in 2016, compared to Plan 1. It was achieved Identify, through the simulation of the new study plan, that there are four courses that limit the progress of the student body to a greater extent (bottlenecks), since they present high percentages of failure and share a sequential flow in the plan. Conclusions: the simulation of the study plan allows projecting the results of the proposals that arise in the career before its implementation and guiding decisions towards better results. It is evident that the quantitative skills in the student body are fundamental to advance according to the study plan of the career in Pharmacy.
Descripción
Palabras clave
RENDIMIENTO ESCOLAR, DESERCIÓN ESCOLAR, LIFELONG EDUCATION, PLANIFICACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN, ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
Citación
https://revistas.uned.ac.cr/index.php/revistacalidad/article/view/4095