Evaluación del efecto del pretratamiento del rastrojo de piña, para la producción de hidrógeno vía reformado en fase acuosa (APR)
Fecha
2021-02-18
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Jaikel Víquez, Jimena
Ulate Brenes, Adolfo Mauricio
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Resumen
La finalidad de este proyecto fue evaluar el uso del producto del tratamiento de material lignocelulósico del rastrojo de piña, para la producción de azúcares, como sustrato en la reacción de reformado en fase acuosa (APR); con el fin de producir hidrógeno utilizando un catalizador de níquel soportado en alúmina.
Se realizó la caracterización del rastrojo de piña utilizado (MD2). Se trabajó con un diseño estadística factorial 23, para realizar el estuio de la hidrólisis del rastrojo, con el fin de estudiar el efecto de la concentración de ácido sulfúrico diluido (1 %m/m y 3%m/m), de la temperatura (100 °C y 140 °C) y de la relación sólido-líquido (1:6 g/mL y 1:9 g/mL).
En el proceso de reformado en fase acuosa (APR), se definió un 5 % de masa de catalizador con respecto a la masa de glucosa en la mezcla de reacción obtenida de la hidrólisis ácida. Se establece una temperatura de reacción de 473.15 K y un tiempo de reacción de 2 horas, variando el porcentaje de níquel en el catalizador. Se utilizan como niveles en el porcentaje de níquel 5%, 20% y 35 % soportado en alúmina comercial. Se encuentra que la tasa de producción de hidrógeno máxima fue de 221 mmol gcat-1 h-1, existiendo diferencia estadística entre el catalizador con 35 % de níquel utilizadas.
The main objective of the study was to evaluate the rate of production of hydrogen through aqueous phase reforming (APR), using the product of the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material of pineapple straw. There were three phases in this project: the characterization of the pineapple straw (MD2), the hydrolysis of the pineapple straw. It was carried out a fractional factorial design, to study the effect of diluted sulfuric acid concentration (1 %m/m y 3%m/m), temperature (100 °C y 140 °C) and solid-liquid ratio (1:6 g/mL y 1:9 g/mL). The third phase was APR reaction, with 5 % mass of catalyst based on the glucose mass. The temperature (473.15 K) and the time of reaction (2 h) were set, and the mass of nickel varied in three levels (5%, 20% y 35 %). The highest concentration of glucose in the hydrolysis (1.72 g/100 mL of dissolution) were found using 3%m/m of diluted sulfuric acid, a temperature of 140 °C and a solid: liquid relation of 1g to 6 mL. The rate of hydrogen production was 221 mmol gcat -1 h-1, in the APR reaction. According to the statistical design, it was observed that 35 % of nickel is significant. Finally, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the hydrolyzed pineapple waste and of the liquid phase of the APR was determined obtaining 3032mg/mL and 466 mg/mL, respectively.
The main objective of the study was to evaluate the rate of production of hydrogen through aqueous phase reforming (APR), using the product of the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material of pineapple straw. There were three phases in this project: the characterization of the pineapple straw (MD2), the hydrolysis of the pineapple straw. It was carried out a fractional factorial design, to study the effect of diluted sulfuric acid concentration (1 %m/m y 3%m/m), temperature (100 °C y 140 °C) and solid-liquid ratio (1:6 g/mL y 1:9 g/mL). The third phase was APR reaction, with 5 % mass of catalyst based on the glucose mass. The temperature (473.15 K) and the time of reaction (2 h) were set, and the mass of nickel varied in three levels (5%, 20% y 35 %). The highest concentration of glucose in the hydrolysis (1.72 g/100 mL of dissolution) were found using 3%m/m of diluted sulfuric acid, a temperature of 140 °C and a solid: liquid relation of 1g to 6 mL. The rate of hydrogen production was 221 mmol gcat -1 h-1, in the APR reaction. According to the statistical design, it was observed that 35 % of nickel is significant. Finally, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the hydrolyzed pineapple waste and of the liquid phase of the APR was determined obtaining 3032mg/mL and 466 mg/mL, respectively.
Descripción
Palabras clave
BIOMASA, Biocombustibles, Catalizador níquel, Materiales lignocelulósicos, Desplazamiento agua-gas (WGS), Aprovechamiento agroindustrial