Cadena espárrago: producción de diferentes genotipos en su quinto año y comportamiento en poscosecha.
Fecha
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Kirschenbilder, Erika
Castagnino, Ana María
Díaz, Karina Elizabeth
Rosini, María Belén
Falavigna, Agostino
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Descripción
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el rendimiento de primicia de cosecha en invernadero, de tres genotipos de espárrago, en su quinta temporada. El ensayo se inició en la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UCA, en Buenos Aires, el 15 de noviembre de 2006. En la presente evaluación se efectuaron diecinueve cosechas manuales, del 4 de setiembre de 2012 al 22 de octubre de 2012, cada dos días. Se realizó un análisis multifactorial ANOVA-LSD test (p>0,05). Se evaluó la productividad total y comercial (PFT y PFC), número de turiones totales y comerciales/ha (NTT y NTC), distribución de calibres (DC): jumbo (J), extra-large (XL), large (L), medium (M) y small (S); y defectos encontrados (D): espigados (TE), cortos (TC) y otros defectos (OD). En poscosecha se evaluaron: atados (A), bandejas (BA) y bolsas de polietileno (BO), para determinar la evolución del peso fresco (EPF), pérdida diaria de peso fresco (PPFD) y peso fresco promedio del período de poscosecha (PPFP). Los genotipos italianos superaron las 9 t/ha, valor que duplica la media nacional argentina superando a UC-157. En producción, se destacó Giove en PFT, PFC, NTT, NTC y una DC favorable, con un 70% de los turiones L y XL. Con respecto al comportamiento en poscosecha, se evidenció que el menor grado de deshidratación se obtuvo mediante el empleo de bolsas y bandejas en el envasado.
The objective of this investigation was to study greenhouse precocious spears yield of three genotypes of asparagus on its fifth harvest season. The trial was established at the Faculty of Agricultural, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, on November, 15, 2006. 19 different harvests were made from 04/09/2012 to 22/10/2012, one every two days. A multifactor ANOVA-LSD test (P>0.05) was performed. Variables analyzed were: total productivity and commercial productivity (PFT and PFC), total number of spears and commercial number of spears (NTT and NTC); caliber distribution (DC): Jumbo (J), Extra-Large (XL), Large (L), Medium (M) and Small (S) and finally, quality defects (D): spiked spears (TE); short spears (TC) and other defects (OD). During the post-harvest period, bundles (A), trays (BA) and polyethylene bags were used to study fresh weight evolution (EPF); daily fresh weight loss (PPFD) and average fresh weight during the post-harvest period (PPFP). Italian breeds yielded above 9 t/ha, twice the Argentinean national average. According to the production results, Giove stood out regarding PFT, PFC, NTT, NTC and a proper DC, where the 70% of spears measured L and XL. With regard to postharvest behavior, it was found that the lowest degree of dehydration was obtained by using bags and trays.
The objective of this investigation was to study greenhouse precocious spears yield of three genotypes of asparagus on its fifth harvest season. The trial was established at the Faculty of Agricultural, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, on November, 15, 2006. 19 different harvests were made from 04/09/2012 to 22/10/2012, one every two days. A multifactor ANOVA-LSD test (P>0.05) was performed. Variables analyzed were: total productivity and commercial productivity (PFT and PFC), total number of spears and commercial number of spears (NTT and NTC); caliber distribution (DC): Jumbo (J), Extra-Large (XL), Large (L), Medium (M) and Small (S) and finally, quality defects (D): spiked spears (TE); short spears (TC) and other defects (OD). During the post-harvest period, bundles (A), trays (BA) and polyethylene bags were used to study fresh weight evolution (EPF); daily fresh weight loss (PPFD) and average fresh weight during the post-harvest period (PPFP). Italian breeds yielded above 9 t/ha, twice the Argentinean national average. According to the production results, Giove stood out regarding PFT, PFC, NTT, NTC and a proper DC, where the 70% of spears measured L and XL. With regard to postharvest behavior, it was found that the lowest degree of dehydration was obtained by using bags and trays.