La realización del derecho a la educación en América Latina: Análisis comparado de la eficiencia del gasto público y perspectivas educativas para la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia
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Mora Cortés, Andrés Felipe
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Facutad de Educación, Universidad de Costa Rica
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Descripción
Mediante la elaboración de un estudio comparado, el documento tiene como objetivo identificar experiencias significativas de política pública para garantizar de manera eficiente el derecho a la educación. Para ello se propone un Índice Compuesto de Realización del Derecho a la Educación y se aplica la metodología Free Disposal Hull. En un conjunto de veinte países latinoamericanos, Cuba, Argentina y Uruguay resultan ser quienes materializan en mayor grado y de manera más eficiente el derecho a la educación en los niveles de primaria y secundaria. Además de resaltar la importancia de los factores “intraescolares”, el estudio identificó cuatro elementos clave que explican los avances en dichos países: i) la importancia otorgada a la educación preescolar, ii) el aprovechamiento de las TICs, iii) la profesionalización de la labor pedagógica de los docentes, y iv) la satisfacción de las expectativas de ingreso a la educación superior. Todos estos aspectos que sirven de referente para la ciudad de Bogotá y su interés por garantizar plenamente el derecho a la educación.
By elaborating a comparative study, the present document attempts to identify significant public policy experiences to efficiently guarantee the right to education. For this purpose, the document proposes a Compound Index for the Right to Education and applies the Free Disposal Hull methodology. In a set of twenty countries in Latin America, Cuba, Argentina and Uruguay have been the most efficient countries in materializing the right to education in primary and secondary school. Besides the acknowledgement of “intraschool factors”, the study has identified four key elements to explain the advancement in those countries: i) the importance given to preschool education, ii) the use of ICTs, iii) the professionalization of the pedagogic work of teachers and iv) the high percentage of student admission expectation at the university. All of these factors could become strong referents for the city of Bogota and for its interest in guaranteeing the right to education.
By elaborating a comparative study, the present document attempts to identify significant public policy experiences to efficiently guarantee the right to education. For this purpose, the document proposes a Compound Index for the Right to Education and applies the Free Disposal Hull methodology. In a set of twenty countries in Latin America, Cuba, Argentina and Uruguay have been the most efficient countries in materializing the right to education in primary and secondary school. Besides the acknowledgement of “intraschool factors”, the study has identified four key elements to explain the advancement in those countries: i) the importance given to preschool education, ii) the use of ICTs, iii) the professionalization of the pedagogic work of teachers and iv) the high percentage of student admission expectation at the university. All of these factors could become strong referents for the city of Bogota and for its interest in guaranteeing the right to education.
Palabras clave
Derecho a la educación, Eficiencia, América Latina, Bogotá, Políticas Educativas, Right to Education, efficiency, Latin America, Bogota, Educational Policies