Análisis comparativo de los discursos periodísticos violentos de femicidio en los diarios la Extra y la Teja en Costa Rica años 2007-2008 y 2017-2018 para un abordaje noticioso con perspectiva de género
Fecha
2023
Autores
Mora Mora, Karla Elizabeth
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Resumen
En la presente investigación, se examina el contenido de los discursos violentos de las
noticias de femicidios, ocurridos en Costa Rica, publicados por el Diario Extra y el periódico La
Teja, durante los segundos semestres de los años 2007-2008 y 2017-2018. En el corpus de la
investigación, se estudian las noticias a través de su producción, diseño, construcción y sus
distintos mecanismos de comprensión. Su escogencia se debió a que ambos periódicos son los que
poseen las más altas ventas en el país. Las noticias que se estudiaron fueron, previamente,
recolectadas por el Instituto Nacional de las Mujeres INAMU.
Dichas notas fueron escogidas por una matriz, que selecciona las noticias de violencia de
género y homicidios, que son divulgadas por la prensa escrita en su versión digital. La indagación
de las noticias, se complementa con la revisión de los registros en línea de las páginas web de los
periódicos estudiados. Es por ello que el abordaje de la presente investigación se da desde un
enfoque de la violencia contra la mujer y el femicidio. El principal objetivo consistió en analizar la
producción y la construcción de los discursos violentos contenidos en las notas.
En la presente investigación se demuestra, a través de un diagnóstico, una serie de
retrocesos en el tratamiento de las noticias de femicidio, tanto en el ámbito textual como visual,
que inciden en el reconocimiento del delito por parte de la prensa. Se determina que los
tratamientos alternativos son lentos y tienden a ser obstaculizados por la falta de políticas públicas,
que impulsen la equidad de género.
Mediante el análisis comparativo de las noticias de femicidio, se establece que, a través del
proceso de producción textual, existe un menoscabo a la credibilidad de la información que se
emite, se verifica una clara manipulación del lenguaje y se detectan fenómenos como el de
tergiversación de la información, entre otros. Hay falta de cánones periodísticos y lineamientos
éticos en la construcción de la nota cuando se utilizan las redes sociales y sus contenidos, como
insumos para diseñarla y estructurarla. Por otra parte, se comprueba que el ámbito visual es
perjudicado por la falta de directrices claras a la hora de utilizar audiovisuales que se toman de la
Internet, así como los recursos multimediáticos usados en las noticias. Dichas deficiencias
provocan un bajo estándar en la calidad de la información contenida, empañando las noticias de
femicidio.
In the present investigation, the content of the violent discourses of the news of femicides, which occurred in Costa Rica, published by the Diario Extra and the newspaper La Teja, during the second semesters of the years 2007-2008 and 2017-2018, is examined. Through the research corpus, the news is studied through its production, design, construction and its different understanding mechanisms. Newspapers are the ones with the highest sales in the country. The news that was studied was previously collected by the National Women's Institute INAMU. These notes were chosen by a matrix, which selects the news of gender violence and homicides, which are disclosed by the written press in its digital version. The investigation of the news was complemented with the review of the online records of the web pages of the newspapers studied. That is why the approach of this research is given from a focus on violence against women and femicide. The main objective was to analyze the production and construction of the violent speeches contained in the notes. In the present investigation, a series of setbacks in the treatment of femicide news is demonstrated through a diagnosis. Both in the textual and visual fields, which affect the recognition of the crime by the press. Alternative treatments are found to be slow. Through the comparative analysis of femicide news, it is established that through the process of textual production, there is an undermining of the credibility of the information that is broadcast, a clear manipulation of language is verified and phenomena such as misrepresentation are detected. of information among others. The lack of journalistic canons and ethical guidelines in the construction of the note is found when social networks and their contents are used as inputs to design and structure it. On the other hand, it is verified that the visual field is harmed by the lack of clear guidelines when using audiovisuals that are taken from the Internet, as well as the multimedia resources that are generated in it used in the news. These deficiencies cause a low-quality standard of the information contained, clouding the news of femicide
In the present investigation, the content of the violent discourses of the news of femicides, which occurred in Costa Rica, published by the Diario Extra and the newspaper La Teja, during the second semesters of the years 2007-2008 and 2017-2018, is examined. Through the research corpus, the news is studied through its production, design, construction and its different understanding mechanisms. Newspapers are the ones with the highest sales in the country. The news that was studied was previously collected by the National Women's Institute INAMU. These notes were chosen by a matrix, which selects the news of gender violence and homicides, which are disclosed by the written press in its digital version. The investigation of the news was complemented with the review of the online records of the web pages of the newspapers studied. That is why the approach of this research is given from a focus on violence against women and femicide. The main objective was to analyze the production and construction of the violent speeches contained in the notes. In the present investigation, a series of setbacks in the treatment of femicide news is demonstrated through a diagnosis. Both in the textual and visual fields, which affect the recognition of the crime by the press. Alternative treatments are found to be slow. Through the comparative analysis of femicide news, it is established that through the process of textual production, there is an undermining of the credibility of the information that is broadcast, a clear manipulation of language is verified and phenomena such as misrepresentation are detected. of information among others. The lack of journalistic canons and ethical guidelines in the construction of the note is found when social networks and their contents are used as inputs to design and structure it. On the other hand, it is verified that the visual field is harmed by the lack of clear guidelines when using audiovisuals that are taken from the Internet, as well as the multimedia resources that are generated in it used in the news. These deficiencies cause a low-quality standard of the information contained, clouding the news of femicide
Descripción
Palabras clave
violencia contra la mujer, género, femicidio, noticia, prensa