Limitaciones en el acceso efectivo al seguro de riesgos de trabajo. Valoración jurídica de los "cuellos de botella" existentes
Fecha
2022
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Castro Méndez, Mauricio
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Resumen
Este artículo analiza las limitaciones jurídicas que impiden el acceso a los derechos derivados del seguro de riesgos de trabajo para las personas trabajadoras. Se argumenta que estas limitaciones son producto de prácticas administrativas del Instituto Nacional de Seguros que son contradictorias con el marco legal vigente
regulador del contrato de seguros. Estas prácticas dan un tratamiento de las personas trabajadoras aseguradas como objetos y no como sujetos del seguro, y se supedita su acceso a estos derechos a la voluntad unilateral del empleador. A la vez, los incentivos económicos diseñados por el Instituto Nacional de Seguros que buscan promover la prevención y la salud ocupacional tienen un efecto contrario y por lo tanto refuerzan la barrera de acceso de las personas trabajadoras, tanto a los derechos derivados del seguro de riesgos del trabajo como a la salud ocupacional.
This article analyzes the legal limitations that prevent access to the rights derived from occupational risk insurance for workers. It is argued that these limitations are the product of administrative practices of the National Insurance Institute that are contradictory with the current legal framework regulating the insurance contract. These practices treat insured workers as objects and not as subjects of the insurance, and their access to these rights is subject to the unilateral will of the employer. At the same time, the economic incentives designed by the National Insurance Institute that seek to promote prevention and occupational health have an opposite effect and therefore reinforce the barrier of access for workers, both to the rights derived from risk insurance from work and occupational health.
This article analyzes the legal limitations that prevent access to the rights derived from occupational risk insurance for workers. It is argued that these limitations are the product of administrative practices of the National Insurance Institute that are contradictory with the current legal framework regulating the insurance contract. These practices treat insured workers as objects and not as subjects of the insurance, and their access to these rights is subject to the unilateral will of the employer. At the same time, the economic incentives designed by the National Insurance Institute that seek to promote prevention and occupational health have an opposite effect and therefore reinforce the barrier of access for workers, both to the rights derived from risk insurance from work and occupational health.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Seguro de riesgos de trabajo, Contrato de seguros, Instituto Nacional de Seguros, Accidentes de trabajo, Salud ocupacional, Trabajadores, Empleadores, Aviso de accidente, Incentivos económicos, Work risk insurance, Insurance contract, National Insurance Institute, Work accidents, Occupational health, Workers, Employers, Accident notice, Financial incentives