Capacidad de nodulación en especies forestales leguminosas (Fabaceae) según su filogenia y características morfológicas
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de Bedout Mora, Marianne
Solís Ramos, Laura Yesenia
Valverde Barrantes, Oscar J.
Rojas Jiménez, Keilor Osvaldo
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Abstract
Gran parte del éxito de las plantas leguminosas (Familia
Fabaceae) en los diferentes ecosistemas de Costa
Rica podría deberse a su capacidad de establecer
relaciones simbióticas con microorganismos de la familia
Rhizobiaceae y al nitrógeno fijado que estas bacterias
les pueden proveer. En este trabajo, evaluamos la
presencia de nódulos, tejido donde se realiza la fijación
de nitrógeno, en 24 especies forestales de leguminosas
pertenecientes a cuatro subfamilias de Fabaceae y se
anotaron varias características morfológicas de las
raíces. Se detectó la presencia de nódulos en 14 de
las 24 especies (58.3 %), sin embargo, hubo grandes
diferencias entre las subfamilias. En las dos subfamilias
consideradas las más basales (Detarioideae y
Cercidoideae) no se detectaron nódulos. En la subfamilia
Caesalpinioideae, se reportaron nódulos en el 58.3%
de las especies, restringidas mayoritariamente al clado
Mimosoideae. En la familia Papilionoideae, considerada
la más derivada, se observó la presencia de nódulos
en el 87.5 % de las especies evaluadas. La mayoría de
especies con nódulos presentaron una coloración clara
en sus raíces y las especies sin nódulos una coloración
más oscura, con algunas excepciones. Estas tendencias
están relacionadas con la historia filogenética de
las subfamilias y los orígenes de la nodulación. Sin
embargo, también podrían responder a diferentes
mecanismos de infección e incluso podrían relacionarse
con características fisiológicas de las plantas, como la
producción de compuestos secundarios inhibitorios de
la nodulación. De esta forma, este estudio establece un
primer paso para entender mejor las interacciones entre
los microorganismos fijadores de nitrógeno con sus
hospederos.
A large part of the success of legume plants (Fabaceae) in the different ecosystems of Costa Rica could be due to their ability to establish symbiotic relationships with microorganisms of the Rhizobiaceae family and to the fixed nitrogen that these bacteria can provide them. In this work, we evaluated the presence of nodules, the tissue where nitrogen fixation is carried out, in 24 forest species of legumes belonging to four subfamilies of Fabaceae, and several morphological characteristics of the roots were determined. The presence of nodules was detected in 14 of the 24 species (58.3 %); however, there were large differences between the subfamilies. In the two subfamilies considered the most basal (Detarioideae and Cercidoideae), no nodules were detected. In the Caesalpinioideae subfamily, nodules were reported in 58.3 % of the species, mostly restricted to the clade Mimosoideae. In the Papilionoideae family, considered the most derived, the presence of nodules was observed in 87.5 % of the evaluated species. Most species with nodules had a light coloration on their roots, and species without nodules had a darker coloration, with some exceptions. These trends are related to the phylogenetic history of the subfamilies and the origins of nodulation. However, they could also respond to different infection mechanisms and could even be related to physiological characteristics of plants, such as the production of secondary inhibitory compounds of the nodulation. In this way, this study constitutes. the first step to understand better the interactions between nitrogen-fixing microorganisms with their hosts.
A large part of the success of legume plants (Fabaceae) in the different ecosystems of Costa Rica could be due to their ability to establish symbiotic relationships with microorganisms of the Rhizobiaceae family and to the fixed nitrogen that these bacteria can provide them. In this work, we evaluated the presence of nodules, the tissue where nitrogen fixation is carried out, in 24 forest species of legumes belonging to four subfamilies of Fabaceae, and several morphological characteristics of the roots were determined. The presence of nodules was detected in 14 of the 24 species (58.3 %); however, there were large differences between the subfamilies. In the two subfamilies considered the most basal (Detarioideae and Cercidoideae), no nodules were detected. In the Caesalpinioideae subfamily, nodules were reported in 58.3 % of the species, mostly restricted to the clade Mimosoideae. In the Papilionoideae family, considered the most derived, the presence of nodules was observed in 87.5 % of the evaluated species. Most species with nodules had a light coloration on their roots, and species without nodules had a darker coloration, with some exceptions. These trends are related to the phylogenetic history of the subfamilies and the origins of nodulation. However, they could also respond to different infection mechanisms and could even be related to physiological characteristics of plants, such as the production of secondary inhibitory compounds of the nodulation. In this way, this study constitutes. the first step to understand better the interactions between nitrogen-fixing microorganisms with their hosts.
Description
Keywords
Fijación de nitrógeno, ÁRBOL, Rizobios, Simbiosis, Raíces, COSTA RICA
Citation
https://revistas.tec.ac.cr/index.php/kuru/article/view/6315