Substance use disorder and schizophrenia: prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics in the Latin American population
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Date
Authors
Jiménez Castro, Lorena
Raventós Vorst, Henriette
Escamilla, Michael A.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2011;39(2):123-30
Abstract
El interés por comprender la co-morbilidad de la esquizofrenia
y el trastorno en el uso de sustancias, ha aumentado
debido al incremento de este diagnóstico, a los
efectos negativos observados en el sujeto y a los costos
en los servicios de salud. Este trastorno dual puede tener
efectos dramáticos en el curso clínico del trastorno psicótico
tales como: mayores recaídas, re-hospitalizaciones,
síntomas más severos, no adherencia al tratamiento
antipsicótico, cambios marcados del humor, aumento en
el grado de hostilidad e ideación suicida, así como alteraciones
en otras áreas del funcionamiento incluyendo
violencia, victimización, indigencia y problemas legales.
La literatura proveniente en particular de Estados Unidos
y Europa sugiere que el rango de prevalencia para este
diagnóstico puede oscilar entre el 10% hasta el 70%.
En este estudio, revisamos la prevalencia del diagnóstico
dual de esquizofrenia y trastorno en el uso sustancias,
así como sus características sociodemográficas,
con base en la literatura disponible alrededor del mundo
dando énfasis en la poblacion latina. A pesar de que este
diagnóstico es ampliamente aceptado, se conoce poco sobre
su prevalencia en la población latina, sobre los factores
ambientales, demográficos, clínicos y otras características
de estos individuos. Un mejor conocimiento sobre
este diagnóstico permitiría mejorar los métodos para la
detección y adecuada valoración del trastorno en el uso
de sustancias en personas con trastornos metales severos
como la esquizofrenia.
Interest in understanding the comorbidity of schizophrenia and substance use disorder has been increasing due to the increase of this diagnosis, to the negative effects observed in the subject and to the health service costs. This dual disorder can have dramatic effects on the clinical course of the psychiatric disorder, this being, for example increased relapses, re-hospitalizations, more severe symptoms, non-compliance with antipsychotic medication, marked mood changes, increased rates of hostility and suicidal ideation as well as in other areas of functioning, including interpersonal violence and victimization, homelessness, and legal problems. Literature from the United States and Europe in particular suggests that the prevalence rates for this dual diagnosis may range from 10 to 70%. In this study, we have reviewed the prevalence of the dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance use disorder as well as the sociodemographic characteristics in the literature on Latin-American populations. Notwithstanding that the dual disorder is a widely accepted diagnosis, relatively little is known about its prevalence in Latin American populations or about the environmental factors that may influence it, as well as about the demographic, clinical, and other characteristics of these individuals. A better understanding of this diagnosis might improve the methods for the detection and assessment of substance use disorder in persons with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia.
Interest in understanding the comorbidity of schizophrenia and substance use disorder has been increasing due to the increase of this diagnosis, to the negative effects observed in the subject and to the health service costs. This dual disorder can have dramatic effects on the clinical course of the psychiatric disorder, this being, for example increased relapses, re-hospitalizations, more severe symptoms, non-compliance with antipsychotic medication, marked mood changes, increased rates of hostility and suicidal ideation as well as in other areas of functioning, including interpersonal violence and victimization, homelessness, and legal problems. Literature from the United States and Europe in particular suggests that the prevalence rates for this dual diagnosis may range from 10 to 70%. In this study, we have reviewed the prevalence of the dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance use disorder as well as the sociodemographic characteristics in the literature on Latin-American populations. Notwithstanding that the dual disorder is a widely accepted diagnosis, relatively little is known about its prevalence in Latin American populations or about the environmental factors that may influence it, as well as about the demographic, clinical, and other characteristics of these individuals. A better understanding of this diagnosis might improve the methods for the detection and assessment of substance use disorder in persons with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia.
Description
artículo (preprint) -- Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular, 2011
Keywords
Esquizofrenia, Salud pública, Salud mental, América Latina
Citation
http://www.actaspsiquiatria.es/repositorio/13/70/ENG/13-70-ENG-123-130-244503.pdf