Efecto de interrupción de la solarización y adición de gallinaza sobre la sobrevivencia de propágulos de Cyperus rotundus, Rottboellia conchinchinensis y Bidens pilosa
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Fecha
1995
Autores
Herrera Murillo, Franklin
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Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
De octubre de 1994 a febrero de 1995 se estudió en la Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit Moreno de la Universidad de Costa Rica, el efecto de la solarización continua e interrumpida y la adición o no de gallinaza (4,1 t/ha), sobre la germinación de propágulos de las malezas Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Bidens pilosa y Cyperns rotundus, colocadas a profundidades de 0-5; 5,1-10; 10,1-15; 15,1-25 cm. Además se evaluó el efecto sobre las malezas presentes en e! banco de semillas del suelo y sobre culantro (Coriandrum sativum) usado como cultivo indicador. La solarización durante siete semanas redujo la germinación de propágulos de C. rotundus, R. cochichinensis y B. pilosa, así como la presencia de otras malezas del banco de semillas y estimuló el crecimien~ y producción del culantro usado como cultivo indicador. La interrrupción de la solarización no mejoró el control de las malezas, ni el crecimiento del culantro, mientras que la adición de gallinaza en combinación con periodos de solarización de 7 semanas coadyuvó a mejorar e! efecto sobre C. rotundusy B.pilosa y favoreció el crecimiento del cultivo indicador. En los tratamientos solarizados la sanidad radical de! culantro fue mayor, pues no se encontraron agallas causadas por Meloidogyne arenaria como en el control. Se discute el posible beneficio económico de la solarización en el contexto de la planta indicadora.
The effect of continuous or interrupted solarization and the addition, or not, of chicken manure (4.1 t/ha, laid from 0-5,5.1-10,10.1-15 and 15.1-25 cm deep) on the germination of Cyperus rotundus, Rottboellia cochinchinensis and Bidens pilosa propagules was studied at the Fabio Baudrit Experiment Station, of the University of Costa Rica,from October 1994 to February 1995. Besides, their effect was studied on the weeds present in the soil seed bank and on the coriander (Coriandrum sativum), used as an indicating crop. The solarization during seven weeks reduced the germination of propagules of C. rotundus, R. cochinchinensis and B. pilosa, as well as of other weeds from the seed bank, and stimulated the growth and yield of the coriander. The interruption of solarization did not improve the weed control, neither the coriander growth; while the addition of manure in combining periods of solarization contributed to improve the effect on C. rotundus, R. cochinchinensis and B. pilosa and favoured the growth of the indicating crop. The coriander roots were healthier in the solarized treatments because no galls, caused by Meloidogyne arenaria, were found as in the control. The possible economic benefit of solarization on the indicating plant is discussed.
The effect of continuous or interrupted solarization and the addition, or not, of chicken manure (4.1 t/ha, laid from 0-5,5.1-10,10.1-15 and 15.1-25 cm deep) on the germination of Cyperus rotundus, Rottboellia cochinchinensis and Bidens pilosa propagules was studied at the Fabio Baudrit Experiment Station, of the University of Costa Rica,from October 1994 to February 1995. Besides, their effect was studied on the weeds present in the soil seed bank and on the coriander (Coriandrum sativum), used as an indicating crop. The solarization during seven weeks reduced the germination of propagules of C. rotundus, R. cochinchinensis and B. pilosa, as well as of other weeds from the seed bank, and stimulated the growth and yield of the coriander. The interruption of solarization did not improve the weed control, neither the coriander growth; while the addition of manure in combining periods of solarization contributed to improve the effect on C. rotundus, R. cochinchinensis and B. pilosa and favoured the growth of the indicating crop. The coriander roots were healthier in the solarized treatments because no galls, caused by Meloidogyne arenaria, were found as in the control. The possible economic benefit of solarization on the indicating plant is discussed.
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Energía solar, control ambiental, calentamiento del suelo, malezas, abonos orgánicos, cy- perus, Rottboellia exaltata, bidens, Costa Rica, Solar energy, environmental control, soil heating, weeds, organic fertilizers, cyperus, Rottboellia exaltata, bidens, Costa Rica