Estado de la situación de las microempresas en tres distritos del cantón de San Ramón, Alajuela
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Morales Zumbado, Jeannette
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Abstract
Las microempresas representan más del 80%
del parque empresarial costarricense según información
del Ministerio de Economía Industria
y Comercio (MEIC, 2019). Sin embargo,
este sector presenta muchas limitaciones para
su sobrevivencia y desarrollo; a nivel cantonal
no existe un sistema de información que permita
su análisis y monitoreo. Dado lo anterior, el objetivo
de esta investigación ha sido caracterizar las
microempresas de comercio, servicio e industria
en el cantón de San Ramón, con el fin de orientar
las políticas públicas de apoyo y fortalecer su
competitividad. La información se obtuvo de
una muestra de 175 microempresas ubicadas en
los distritos de San Ramón, San Juan y Alfaro;
se les aplicó un cuestionario con las siguientes
variables: características de la persona microempresaria
y de las microempresas: formalidad,
tecnologías de información, financiamiento,
modelo de gestión, actividades de innovación,
capacitación, uso de programas de apoyo a la
microempresa, cadenas productivas y redes. Los
resultados muestran: una participación mayor
de mujeres emprendedoras; las empresas tienen
en promedio 10.19 años de estar operando en
el mercado; en una proporción similar se clasifican
en formales, semiformales e informales; no
desarrollan experiencias asociativas y no conocen
los beneficios de estar en el Registro Empresarial
Pymes; no existen programas de apoyo.
According to information from the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Commerce (MEIC) microenterprises represent more than 80% of all Costa Rican companies; however, this sector faces many limitations for its survival and development; at the canton level there is no information system that allows its analysis and monitoring. The objective of this study was to characterize the microenterprises of commerce, service, and industry in the canton of San Ramon, in order to guide public support policies and strengthen their competitiveness. The information was obtained from a sample of 175 microenterprises located in the districts of San Ramón,San Juan, and Alfaro, a questionnaire was applied with the following variables: characteristicsof the microentrepreneur and of the microenterprises: formality, information technologies, financing, management model, innovation activities, training, use of support programs for microenterprises, production chains, and networks. The results show: a higher participation of women; the companies have an average of 10.19 yearsof operating in the market; in a similar proportion they are classified as formal, semiformal, and informal; they do not develop associative experiences and do not know the benefits of being in the SME Business Registry; there are no support programs.
According to information from the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Commerce (MEIC) microenterprises represent more than 80% of all Costa Rican companies; however, this sector faces many limitations for its survival and development; at the canton level there is no information system that allows its analysis and monitoring. The objective of this study was to characterize the microenterprises of commerce, service, and industry in the canton of San Ramon, in order to guide public support policies and strengthen their competitiveness. The information was obtained from a sample of 175 microenterprises located in the districts of San Ramón,San Juan, and Alfaro, a questionnaire was applied with the following variables: characteristicsof the microentrepreneur and of the microenterprises: formality, information technologies, financing, management model, innovation activities, training, use of support programs for microenterprises, production chains, and networks. The results show: a higher participation of women; the companies have an average of 10.19 yearsof operating in the market; in a similar proportion they are classified as formal, semiformal, and informal; they do not develop associative experiences and do not know the benefits of being in the SME Business Registry; there are no support programs.
Description
Keywords
Pymes, Microempresas, Políticas públicas, San Ramón, Small and medium enterprises, Microenterprises, Public politics, PEQUEÑA INDUSTRIA
Citation
https://cidicer.so.ucr.ac.cr/recursos/publicacion/reflexiones-desde-el-desarrollo-regional