Propagación asexual de azul de mata (Justicia tinctoria (Oerst.) D.N. Gibson, Fam. Acanthaceae) por medio de estacas
Fecha
2015-03
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Solís Gutiérrez, Carlos Andrés
Jiménez García, Víctor
Arias Reverón, Julio Miguel
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Resumen
Se evaluó el efecto de dosis de ácido indolbutírico (0, 500, 1000 o 1500 ppm), la posición de donde se toma la estaca (basal, medial o terminal), el tamaño de la estaca (6, 10 o 14 cm), la ausencia o presencia de hojas, y el tipo de sustrato (arena de río, fibra de coco o carbón de granza de arroz), sobre el enraizamiento de estacas de zul de mata bajo ambiente protegido. Las variables evaluadas fueron el porcentaje de brotación y de enraizamiento, número de brotes, cantidad y longitud de raíces. Las estacas terminales presentaron los mayores valores para todas las variables, excepto porcentaje de enraizamiento: mayor número de brotes (17,5), longitud (0,17) y cantidad de raíces (0,65) que las estacas mediales y basales, lo que estaría asociado a una mayor velocidad de enraizamiento. Las dosis de AIB 1000 y 1500 ppm indujeron una mayor cantidad de raíces por estaca (8,40 y 9,24 respectivamente) que las dosis menores. Hubo mayor porcentaje de enraizamiento con 1000 ppm de AIB (69%) que sin ese compuesto (41%). Al utilizar estacas sin hojas aumentó la magnitud de cada una de esas variables. Con arena se obtuvo una mayor brotación aérea (96%), enraizamiento (92%) y longitud de raíz (5,1 cm) que con los otros sustratos. Las estacas de 14 cm presentaron consistentemente, mayor número de brotes (3,71), raíces más largas (3,56 cm) y en mayor número (10,71) que las de 10 y 6 cm.
The effect of indolebutyric acid concentration (0, 500, 1000 or 1500 ppm), the position of the cutting on the parent branch (basal, medial or terminal), the cuttings size (6, 10 or 14 cm), the absence or presence of leaves, and the type of substrate (river sand, coconut fiber or carbonized rice husks) on rooting of bluebush under protected environment, were evaluated. The variables were the percentage and number of buds sprouting, rooting percentage and number and length of roots. Terminal cuttings presented the highest values for all variables, except for percentage of rooting: more outbreaks (17.5), length (0.17) and number of roots (0.65) than medial and medial cuttings, which would be associated with higher speed of rooting. The highest IBA doses (1000 and 1500 ppm) induced more roots per cutting (8.40 and 9.24, respectively) than lower concentrations. There was a higher percentage of rooting with IBA at 1000 ppm (69%) than without that compound (41%). Furthermore, use of leafless cuttings led to an increase in the magnitude of each of those variables. Higher bud sprouting (96%), rooting (92%) and root length (5.1 cm) values were obtained by using river sand than with any other substrate. Cuttings of 14 cm showed consistently higher number of shoots (3.71), longer roots (3.56 cm) and in greater numbers (10.71) than the smaller ones (10 and 6 cm).
The effect of indolebutyric acid concentration (0, 500, 1000 or 1500 ppm), the position of the cutting on the parent branch (basal, medial or terminal), the cuttings size (6, 10 or 14 cm), the absence or presence of leaves, and the type of substrate (river sand, coconut fiber or carbonized rice husks) on rooting of bluebush under protected environment, were evaluated. The variables were the percentage and number of buds sprouting, rooting percentage and number and length of roots. Terminal cuttings presented the highest values for all variables, except for percentage of rooting: more outbreaks (17.5), length (0.17) and number of roots (0.65) than medial and medial cuttings, which would be associated with higher speed of rooting. The highest IBA doses (1000 and 1500 ppm) induced more roots per cutting (8.40 and 9.24, respectively) than lower concentrations. There was a higher percentage of rooting with IBA at 1000 ppm (69%) than without that compound (41%). Furthermore, use of leafless cuttings led to an increase in the magnitude of each of those variables. Higher bud sprouting (96%), rooting (92%) and root length (5.1 cm) values were obtained by using river sand than with any other substrate. Cuttings of 14 cm showed consistently higher number of shoots (3.71), longer roots (3.56 cm) and in greater numbers (10.71) than the smaller ones (10 and 6 cm).
Descripción
Palabras clave
Justicia tinctoria, Azul de mata, Propagación por estacas, Ácido indulbutírico, AIB, Sustratos, Enraizamiento, Bluebush, Propagation by cuttings, Indule-butyric acid, IBA, Substrates, Rooting, 631.535 Propagación por esquejes y sarmientos