Evaluación de herbicidas preemergentes en frijol (Paseolus vulgaris L.) intercalado con cafeto (coffea arabica L.) en el cacao de Alajuela
Fecha
1991
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Saborio Céspedes, Jorge Arturo
Araya Villalobos, Rodolfo
Zamora Z., Alice
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
En el cacao de Alajuela, Costa Rica, se evaluaron cinco tratamientos para combate de malezas en frijol intercalado al cafeto: acifluorfen (0,4 kg i.a./ha); alaclor (1,0 kg ia./ha); acifluorfen + alaclor (0,4 + 1,0 kg i.a./ha); alaclor + metabenzatiazuron (0,4 + 1,5 kg i.a./ha) y diuron (0,4 kg i.a./ha), en dos sitios dentro del mismo cafetal, uno con orientación de las hileras de cafeto de este a oeste y otro con orientación de las hileras de cafeto de norte a sur. El cafeto cultivar caturra posee una densidad de 6957 árboles por hectárea, con una separación entre hileras de 1,18 m y 0,90 m entre árboles. El sistema de poda por hilera, se realiza a 0,55 m del nivel del suelo, conservando las ‘bandolas’ y en un ciclo de tres alterno, con ‘Rock and Roll’. El frijol utilizado fue el Huetar. El periodo experimental comprendió del 18 de mayo al 29 de julio de 1987. No hubo diferencias significativas para el rendimiento en grano entre los tratamientos evaluados en los dos sitios; pero se observó una disminución del 51% en la producción cuando se intercaló con cafeto en hileras orientadas de norte a sur. Ninguno de los tratamientos presentó síntomas de fitotoxicidad en el cafeto. En el frijol el diurón (0,4 kg i.a./ha) presentó fitotoxicidad. Los síntomas consistieron en necrosis de los bordes de las hojas cotiledonales y reducción posterior del crecimiento y número de plantas a la Cosecha.
Five pre-emergent herbicide treatments were evaluated, from May 18th to July 29th, 1987, on common bean (Huetar cultivar) inter-cropped with coffee (Caturra cultivar) in two sites within the same orchard, one oriented along the coffee rows from East to West and the other one from North to South, in El Cacao, Alajuela - Costa Rica. The treatments were: acifluorfen (0.4 kg a.i./ha), alachlor (1.0 kg a.i./ha), acifluorfen + alachlor (0.4+ 0.1 kg a.i./ha), alachlor + methabenzathiazuron (0.4+ 1.5 kg a.i./ha), and diuron (0.4 kg a.i./ha). The coffee orchard has a population density of 6957 plants per hectare, spaced at 1.18 m between rows and 0.90 m between plants. The row pruning system is done at 0.55 m from the ground, preserving the branches in a three year alternating cycle with ‘Rock and Roll’. There was no significant differences on grain yield among the treatments on both sites, although it was observed a yield reduction of 51% when the inter-cropping rows were oriented from North to South. None of the treatments showed phytotoxicity symptoms to the coffee. The diuron caused phytotoxicity to the bean plant and the symptoms included necrosis of the borders of the cotyledonal leaves and a reduction of growth and number of plants at harvest time.
Five pre-emergent herbicide treatments were evaluated, from May 18th to July 29th, 1987, on common bean (Huetar cultivar) inter-cropped with coffee (Caturra cultivar) in two sites within the same orchard, one oriented along the coffee rows from East to West and the other one from North to South, in El Cacao, Alajuela - Costa Rica. The treatments were: acifluorfen (0.4 kg a.i./ha), alachlor (1.0 kg a.i./ha), acifluorfen + alachlor (0.4+ 0.1 kg a.i./ha), alachlor + methabenzathiazuron (0.4+ 1.5 kg a.i./ha), and diuron (0.4 kg a.i./ha). The coffee orchard has a population density of 6957 plants per hectare, spaced at 1.18 m between rows and 0.90 m between plants. The row pruning system is done at 0.55 m from the ground, preserving the branches in a three year alternating cycle with ‘Rock and Roll’. There was no significant differences on grain yield among the treatments on both sites, although it was observed a yield reduction of 51% when the inter-cropping rows were oriented from North to South. None of the treatments showed phytotoxicity symptoms to the coffee. The diuron caused phytotoxicity to the bean plant and the symptoms included necrosis of the borders of the cotyledonal leaves and a reduction of growth and number of plants at harvest time.