Lesiones traumáticas del nervio radial y su manejo actual
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Delgado Gamboa, Adriana
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Abstract
La parálisis del nervio radial, se asocia principalmente con fracturas diafisarias
de húmero, ya sean primarias, debido al trauma inicial o secundarias a su tratamiento.
La mayoría tendrá una recuperación espontánea, por lo tanto, la exploración
quirúrgica temprana está indicada principalmente para fracturas abiertas.
Los signos iniciales de recuperación nerviosa pueden aparecer entre las 2
semanas y 6 meses. De lo contrario, la decisión de explorar el nervio, se basa en la edad
del paciente, el examen clínico y la electromiografía.
Si no se produce la recuperación, un autoinjerto está indicado si tiene menos de 6 meses
de la lesión, en condiciones adecuadas. En caso contrario, las neurotizaciones dan
resultados satisfactorios y se pueden realizar hasta 10 meses después de la lesión.
Las transferencias tendinosas son el tratamiento estándar en lesiones de más de 10-12
meses de evolución, con resultados fiables y rápidos.
Radial nerve palsy is mainly associated with diaphyseal humerus fractures, either primary due to the initial trauma or secondary to its treatment. Most will recover spontaneously, therefore, early surgical exploration is indicated primarily for open fractures. The initial signs of nervous recovery can appear between 2 weeks and 6 months. Otherwise, the decision to explore the nerve is based on the patient's age, clinical examination, and electromyography. If recovery does not occur, an autograft is indicated before 6 months after the injury, under appropriate conditions. Otherwise, nerve transfers give satisfactory results and can be performed up to 10 months after the injury. Tendon transfers are the standard treatment in injuries beyond 10-12 months, having reliable and fast results.
Radial nerve palsy is mainly associated with diaphyseal humerus fractures, either primary due to the initial trauma or secondary to its treatment. Most will recover spontaneously, therefore, early surgical exploration is indicated primarily for open fractures. The initial signs of nervous recovery can appear between 2 weeks and 6 months. Otherwise, the decision to explore the nerve is based on the patient's age, clinical examination, and electromyography. If recovery does not occur, an autograft is indicated before 6 months after the injury, under appropriate conditions. Otherwise, nerve transfers give satisfactory results and can be performed up to 10 months after the injury. Tendon transfers are the standard treatment in injuries beyond 10-12 months, having reliable and fast results.
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Keywords
nervio radial