El reajuste de terrenos como herramienta para la atención de asentamientos informales en zonas urbanas
Loading...
Date
Authors
Morera Calvo, Natalia
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
El reajuste de terrenos con reparto de cargas y beneficios es un instrumento de gestión del suelo que está disponible en la legislación nacional para su implementación en la búsqueda de un mejor y mayor uso del suelo urbano. En otros contextos, el instrumento tiene variedad de aplicaciones desde la rehabilitación de zonas afectadas por un desastre hasta el reparcelamiento de zonas en verde para su urbanización. Esta investigación pretende exponer, a través de un ejercicio académico, una muestra de cómo un proyecto de reajuste de terrenos con reparto de recargas y beneficios puede ser viable para atender la creciente problemática de la informalidad urbana y del déficit habitacional.
En el Taller de Reinvención Urbana, llevado a cabo durante el primer semestre del 2021, se desarrolló un ejercicio de reajuste de terrenos con reparto de cargas y beneficios que habilitó el estudio de este instrumento como una opción para la atención de los asentamientos informales y por ende también del déficit habitacional. El ejercicio desarrollado, comprende el estudio de zonas aptas para la aplicación del instrumento en el Área Metropolitana de San José (AMSJ), con una relación al sistema de transporte público de autobuses y el tren metropolitano. Así mismo, también se desarrollan todos los cálculos de la operación del reajuste de terrenos para una visualización de su viabilidad con el fin de incorporar opciones de vivienda social manteniendo la rentabilidad. De esta manera, se analiza una propuesta en la zona de Cinco Esquinas, en un área entre el cantón de Tibás y Goicoechea, donde actualmente se concentran zonas industriales, residencia con tenencia informal, predios en desuso, con una estructura predial deficiente y edificaciones de baja altura y densidad, y que a su vez es atravesada por la vía férrea y por las nuevas líneas troncales de autobuses, convirtiéndolo en un sitio estratégico dentro del AMSJ.
Land readjustment with burden-and benefit-sharing is a land management instrument that is available in national legislation for implementation in the pursuit of better and greater use of urban land. In other contexts, the instrument has a variety of applications from the rehabilitation of disaster-affected areas to the parceling of green areas for urbanization. This research aims to expose, through an academic exercise, a sample of how a land readjustment project with distribution of recharges and benefits can be viable to address the growing problem of urban informality and housing deficit. In the Urban Reinvention Workshop, carried out during the first semester of 2021, an exercise of readjustment of land with distribution of burdens and benefits was developed which enabled the study of this instrument as an option for the upgrading of informal settlements and therefore of the housing deficit. The exercise developed includes the study of areas suitable for the application of the instrument in the Metropolitan Area of San José (AMSJ), with a relationship to the public transport system of buses and the metropolitan train. Likewise, all the calculations of the operation of the land readjustment are also developed to determine its viability to incorporate social housing options while maintaining profitability. In this way, a proposal is analyzed in Cinco Esquinas, in an area between the canton of Tibás and Goicoechea, where industrial zones are currently concentrated, as well as residence with informal tenure, disused properties, all with a deficient property structure and buildings of low height and density. Also, the area is crossed by the railway and by the new trunk bus lines, making it a strategic site within the AMSJ.
Land readjustment with burden-and benefit-sharing is a land management instrument that is available in national legislation for implementation in the pursuit of better and greater use of urban land. In other contexts, the instrument has a variety of applications from the rehabilitation of disaster-affected areas to the parceling of green areas for urbanization. This research aims to expose, through an academic exercise, a sample of how a land readjustment project with distribution of recharges and benefits can be viable to address the growing problem of urban informality and housing deficit. In the Urban Reinvention Workshop, carried out during the first semester of 2021, an exercise of readjustment of land with distribution of burdens and benefits was developed which enabled the study of this instrument as an option for the upgrading of informal settlements and therefore of the housing deficit. The exercise developed includes the study of areas suitable for the application of the instrument in the Metropolitan Area of San José (AMSJ), with a relationship to the public transport system of buses and the metropolitan train. Likewise, all the calculations of the operation of the land readjustment are also developed to determine its viability to incorporate social housing options while maintaining profitability. In this way, a proposal is analyzed in Cinco Esquinas, in an area between the canton of Tibás and Goicoechea, where industrial zones are currently concentrated, as well as residence with informal tenure, disused properties, all with a deficient property structure and buildings of low height and density. Also, the area is crossed by the railway and by the new trunk bus lines, making it a strategic site within the AMSJ.
Description
Keywords
ASENTAMIENTO HUMANO, ASENTAMIENTO INFORMAL, DESARROLLO URBANO, GESTIÓN DEL SUELO, REAJUSTE DE TERRENOS, RENOVACIÓN URBANA, ZONA URBANA, DISEÑO URBANO, VIVIENDA SOCIAL