Evaluación de la respuesta al tratamiento de inducción de pacientes con nefritis lúpica valorados en el Hospital San Juan de Dios entre enero del 2015 y enero del 2020
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Víquez Bejarano, Tatiana
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La nefritis lúpica es una glomerulonefritis mediada por complejos inmunes que afecta aproximadamente al 50% de pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico y corresponde a una de las manifestaciones severas de la enfermedad. Su presencia se asocia con mayor morbimortalidad, por lo que el diagnóstico temprano de la nefritis lúpica lleva a mejor respuesta al tratamiento y a un menor riesgo de daño irreversible. Este es un estudio prospectivo y observacional realizado en el hospital San Juan de Dios, entre enero 2015 y enero 2020, donde se determinó la respuesta clínica de los pacientes con nefritis lúpica al tratamiento de inducción. Se recolectó información de 74 pacientes en una base de datos y posteriormente se hizo un análisis estadístico de las variables de interés. Un 72% de los pacientes alcanzó remisión completa con el tratamiento inicial, un 18% remisión parcial y el 9% no obtuvo respuesta. El fármaco más utilizado como primera línea de tratamiento es la ciclofosfamida; sin embargo, se obtuvo mayor tasa de remisión completa con el micofenolato de mofetilo. Con la segunda línea de tratamiento, un 40% alcanzó remisión completa, un 27% remisión parcial y el 33% no tuvo respuesta; el fármaco más utilizado como segunda línea fue el micofenolato de mofetilo, seguido de ciclofosfamida en esquema NIH. A nivel de tercera línea de tratamiento, un 72% alcanzó remisión completa, un 14% remisión parcial y un 10% no tuvo respuesta. En este caso se utilizó en igual número de pacientes micofenolato de mofetilo + tacrolimus, rituximab y micofenolato de mofetilo en monoterapia. Aún así existe un porcentaje de pacientes que no tienen respuesta a los tratamientos que existen actualmente, por lo que son necesarias nuevas terapias para el manejo de nefritis lúpica y realizar diagnósticos cada vez más tempranos.
Lupus nephritis is an immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis that affects approximately 50% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and corresponds to one of the severe manifestations of the disease. Its presence is associated with higher morbidity and mortality, so early diagnosis of lupus nephritis leads to a better response to treatment and a lower risk of irreversible damage. This is a prospective and observational study carried out at the San Juan de Dios Hospital between January 2015 and January 2020 where the clinical response of patients with lupus nephritis to induction treatment was determined. Information was collected from 74 patients in a database and subsequently, statistical analysis of the variables of interest was performed. 72% of patients achieved complete remission with initial treatment, 18% partial remission, and 9% had no response. The drug most used as first line of treatment is cyclophosphamide; however, a higher rate of complete remission was obtained with mycophenolate mofetil. With the second line of treatment, 40% achieved complete remission, while 27% had partial remission and 33% had no response. The drug most used as second line was mycophenolate mofetil, followed by cyclophosphamide in the NIH scheme. At the level of third-line treatment, 72% achieved complete remission, 14% partial remission and 10% had no response. In this case, mycophenolate mofetil + tacrolimus, rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil were used in monotherapy in the same number of patients. Even so, there is a percentage of patients who does not respond to the treatments that currently exist, so new therapies are necessary for the management of lupus nephritis and to make earlier diagnoses.
Lupus nephritis is an immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis that affects approximately 50% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and corresponds to one of the severe manifestations of the disease. Its presence is associated with higher morbidity and mortality, so early diagnosis of lupus nephritis leads to a better response to treatment and a lower risk of irreversible damage. This is a prospective and observational study carried out at the San Juan de Dios Hospital between January 2015 and January 2020 where the clinical response of patients with lupus nephritis to induction treatment was determined. Information was collected from 74 patients in a database and subsequently, statistical analysis of the variables of interest was performed. 72% of patients achieved complete remission with initial treatment, 18% partial remission, and 9% had no response. The drug most used as first line of treatment is cyclophosphamide; however, a higher rate of complete remission was obtained with mycophenolate mofetil. With the second line of treatment, 40% achieved complete remission, while 27% had partial remission and 33% had no response. The drug most used as second line was mycophenolate mofetil, followed by cyclophosphamide in the NIH scheme. At the level of third-line treatment, 72% achieved complete remission, 14% partial remission and 10% had no response. In this case, mycophenolate mofetil + tacrolimus, rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil were used in monotherapy in the same number of patients. Even so, there is a percentage of patients who does not respond to the treatments that currently exist, so new therapies are necessary for the management of lupus nephritis and to make earlier diagnoses.
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Nefritis lúpica, Tratamiento de inducción, LES
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