Iniciativas para la reducción del tiempo puerta-aguja y su impacto en el pronóstico funcional en adultos atendidos con trombólisis intravenosa por eventos cerebrovasculares isquémicos agudos en el Hospital Calderón Guardia en los años 2012 a 2024
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Antecedentes: La trombólisis intravenosa es una terapia de reperfusión tiempo dependiente en el manejo del ictus, patología que constituye una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial. Se ha establecido que el tiempo puerta-aguja (DTN, door-to-needle) debe ser menor a 60 minutos, pues se asocia a mejores resultados funcionales. Entre 2015 y 2017, en el Hospital Dr. Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia (HCG) se implementaron estrategias con el fin de reducir el DTN. Objetivos: comparar las métricas de atención de calidad del ictus en todos los pacientes atendidos con trombólisis intravenosa en el HCG entre los periodos antes (2012-2014), durante (2015-2017) y después (2018-2024) de la implementación de estrategias para la reducción del DTN, así como establecer si se asociaron a mejorías en el desenlace funcional de los pacientes. Métodos: análisis retrospectivo de una base de datos recolectada prospectivamente que incluye a todos los pacientes atendidos en el HCG por ictus tratados con trombólisis intravenosa entre 2012 y 2024. Resultados: se atendieron un total de 3230 pacientes, de los cuales 804 fueron tratados con trombólisis intravenosa entre enero de 2012 y octubre de 2024 (tasa trombólisis 24,9%). El 82,1% de las trombólisis se realizaron con DTN ≤60 minutos. Tanto el DTN como otros parámetros de calidad presentaron una mejoría en el segundo periodo (donde se alcanzó un 93% de las trombólisis con DTN ≤60 minutos), seguido de deterioro en el tercer periodo. La tasas de pacientes que alcanzaron buen resultado funcional ambulatorio (57,0%), transformación hemorrágica sintomática (6,1%) y mortalidad (11,4%) no tuvieron cambios significativos entre los periodos. Conclusiones: el HCG cumple con altos parámetros de calidad de atención del ictus sin llegar a alcanzar las metas más exigentes. Las estrategias implementadas no fueron suficientes para lograr mejoras significativas en el desenlace funcional.
Background: intravenous (IV) thrombolysis represents a time-dependent reperfusion treatment for stroke, a leading cause of worldwide morbimortality. Door-to-needle times (DTN) have been associated with better outcomes. Between 2015 and 2017, Calderón Guardia Hospital implemented a series of interventions aiming to reduce the DTN. Objectives: to compare Calderón Guardia´s quality care metrics for all patients admitted for stroke in this institution between 3 periods: before (2012-2014), throughout (2015-2017), and after (2018-2024) the implementation of interventions aiming to reduce DTN; and to stablish if it is associated to improvements in patient´s ambulatory functional outcomes. Methods: retrospective analysis of a prospectively recollected database including all thrombolysis treated stroke patients in our institution from 2012 to 2024. Results: from a total of 3230 stroke admitted patients, 804 were treated with IV thrombolysis between January 2012 and October 2024 (thrombolysis rate 24,9%). We achieved DTN ≤ 60 minutes in 82,1% of cases. Both DTN and other quality of care metrics had significant improvement between 2015-2017 (when we achieved a DTN ≤ 60 minutes in 93% of cases) followed by a significant decrease in 2018-2024 period. The rates of good functional outcome (57,0%), symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation (6,1%) and mortality (11,4%) had no significant changes throughout our study span. Conclusions: Calderón Guardia Hospital achieves high quality of care standards but not the highest ones reported in the literature. The implemented interventions were not enough to achieve a significant reduction in patient´s ambulatory functional outcomes.
Background: intravenous (IV) thrombolysis represents a time-dependent reperfusion treatment for stroke, a leading cause of worldwide morbimortality. Door-to-needle times (DTN) have been associated with better outcomes. Between 2015 and 2017, Calderón Guardia Hospital implemented a series of interventions aiming to reduce the DTN. Objectives: to compare Calderón Guardia´s quality care metrics for all patients admitted for stroke in this institution between 3 periods: before (2012-2014), throughout (2015-2017), and after (2018-2024) the implementation of interventions aiming to reduce DTN; and to stablish if it is associated to improvements in patient´s ambulatory functional outcomes. Methods: retrospective analysis of a prospectively recollected database including all thrombolysis treated stroke patients in our institution from 2012 to 2024. Results: from a total of 3230 stroke admitted patients, 804 were treated with IV thrombolysis between January 2012 and October 2024 (thrombolysis rate 24,9%). We achieved DTN ≤ 60 minutes in 82,1% of cases. Both DTN and other quality of care metrics had significant improvement between 2015-2017 (when we achieved a DTN ≤ 60 minutes in 93% of cases) followed by a significant decrease in 2018-2024 period. The rates of good functional outcome (57,0%), symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation (6,1%) and mortality (11,4%) had no significant changes throughout our study span. Conclusions: Calderón Guardia Hospital achieves high quality of care standards but not the highest ones reported in the literature. The implemented interventions were not enough to achieve a significant reduction in patient´s ambulatory functional outcomes.
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evento cerebrovascular isquémico agudo, ECV isquémico agudo, ictus, trombólisis, tiempo puerta-aguja, atención de calidad, acute ischemic stroke, thrombolytic therapy, door-to-needle time, quality of health care, quality improvement
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