Altura de planta y producción de brotes en pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.): comparación entre dos sitios de Costa Rica
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Monge Pérez, José Eladio
Loría Coto, Michelle
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Abstract
El objetivo fue comparar la altura de la planta y la producción de brotes en pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.) cv. Orejona y su relación con las variables climáticas en dos sitios de Costa Rica. El ensayo se realizó en San Mateo, Alajuela, y en Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, de febrero 2017 a noviembre 2019. Las variables evaluadas fueron: altura de la planta (AP, en cm), número de brotes vegetativos (NBV), número de brotes reproductivos (NBR), precipitación pluvial (P, en mm), humedad relativa (HR, en %), temperatura promedio (Tp, en °C), temperatura máxima (Tmáx, en °C), y temperatura mínima (Tmín, en °C). No se presentaron diferencias significativas en AP y NBV entre ambos sitios; sin embargo, NBR fue significativamente mayor en San Mateo (0,19) con respecto a Santa Cruz (0,02). No se presentaron diferencias significativas en P y Tmáx entre ambos sitios; pero HR fue significativamente mayor (82,13 %), y Tp y Tmín fueron significativamente menores (25,63 °C y 20,42 °C respectivamente) en San Mateo, en comparación con Santa Cruz (75,57 %; 27,43 °C; y 23,45 °C respectivamente). Se concluye que la variedad Orejona se adaptó mejor a las condiciones de San Mateo. Se plantean algunas hipótesis que podrían explicar la diferencia en NBR entre ambos sitios.
The objective was to compare plant height and sprout production in pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.) cv. Orejona and its relationship with climatic variables in two sites in Costa Rica. The trial was conducted in San Mateo, Alajuela, and in Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, from February 2017 to November 2019. Tested variables were: plant height (PH, in cm), number of vegetative sprouts (NVS), number of reproductive sprouts (NRS), rainfall (R, in mm), relative humidity (RH, in %), average temperature (Ta, in °C), maximum temperature (Tmax, in °C), and minimum temperature (Tmin, in °C). There were no significant differences in PH and NVS between both sites; however, NRS was significantly higher in San Mateo (0.19) compared to Santa Cruz (0.02). There were no significant differences in R and Tmax between both sites; but RH was significantly higher (82.13%), and Ta and Tmin were significantly lower (25.63 °C and 20.42 °C, respectively) in San Mateo, compared to Santa Cruz (75.57%; 27.43 °C; and 23.45 °C, respectively). It is concluded that the Orejona variety was better adapted to the conditions of San Mateo. Some hypotheses are proposed that could explain the difference in NRS between both sites.
The objective was to compare plant height and sprout production in pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.) cv. Orejona and its relationship with climatic variables in two sites in Costa Rica. The trial was conducted in San Mateo, Alajuela, and in Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, from February 2017 to November 2019. Tested variables were: plant height (PH, in cm), number of vegetative sprouts (NVS), number of reproductive sprouts (NRS), rainfall (R, in mm), relative humidity (RH, in %), average temperature (Ta, in °C), maximum temperature (Tmax, in °C), and minimum temperature (Tmin, in °C). There were no significant differences in PH and NVS between both sites; however, NRS was significantly higher in San Mateo (0.19) compared to Santa Cruz (0.02). There were no significant differences in R and Tmax between both sites; but RH was significantly higher (82.13%), and Ta and Tmin were significantly lower (25.63 °C and 20.42 °C, respectively) in San Mateo, compared to Santa Cruz (75.57%; 27.43 °C; and 23.45 °C, respectively). It is concluded that the Orejona variety was better adapted to the conditions of San Mateo. Some hypotheses are proposed that could explain the difference in NRS between both sites.
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Fenología, Adaptación, Suelo, Precipitación pluvial, Temperatura, Humedad relativa, Phenology, Adaptation, Soil, Rainfall, Temperature, Relative humidity
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https://difusioncientifica.info/index.php/difusioncientifica/article/view/62/117