Identificación de especies del género Colletotrichum asociadas a la antracnosis en papaya (Carica papaya L.) en Costa Rica
Fecha
2017-07
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Molina Chaves, Anthony
Gómez Alpízar, Luis
Umaña Rojas, Gerardina
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Resumen
La antracnosis, causada por Colletotrichum spp., es una de las enfermedades pos-cosecha más importantes en papaya. En este estudio, frutas de papaya, híbrido Pococí, recolectados en plantaciones ubicadas en el cantón de Guácimo, provincia de Limón, presentaron 7 síntomas de antracnosis, luego de un período de almacenamiento. De cada síntoma se obtuvieron aislados de Colletotrichum en medio de cultivo PDA (papa-dextrosa-agar). Los aislamientos se clasificaron en 3 grupos según la similitud de los síntomas y la morfología de la colonia. El análisis de la secuencia de la región espaciadora interna transcrita (ITS) del ADN ribosomal reveló que los aislamientos pertenecieron a 3 especies del género Colletotrichum: C. gloeosporioides sensu lato, C. magnum y C. capsici (C. truncatum). La identificación de las especies fue confirmada con imprimadores taxón específico para C. gloeosporioidese imprimadores especie-específicos para C. magnum. Las 3 especies identificadas mostraron ser patogénicas sobre frutas de papaya. Las especies C. magnum y C. capsici (C. truncatum) se registran por primera vez en Costa Rica, como agentes causales de la antracnosis en papaya.
Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is one of the most important postharvest diseases in papaya. In this study, papaya fruits, Pococí hybrid, collected from orchards located in Guácimo, Limón province, showed 7 distinct anthracnose symptoms after a storage period. Colletotrichum isolates were obtained from each symptom on PDA (potato-desxtrosa-agar) medium. Isolates were classified in 3 groups based on symptoms similarities and colony morphology. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region revealed that isolates belonged to three Colletotrichum species: C. gloeosporioides sensu lato, C. magnum and C.capsici (C. truncatum). Species identification was confirmed using taxon-specific primer for C. gloeosporioides sensu lato and species-specific primer for C. magnum. Pathogenicity tests on papaya fruits showed that all species could induce anthracnose. C. magnum and C. capsici species are registered for the first time in Costa Rica as causal anthracnose pathogens in papaya.
Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is one of the most important postharvest diseases in papaya. In this study, papaya fruits, Pococí hybrid, collected from orchards located in Guácimo, Limón province, showed 7 distinct anthracnose symptoms after a storage period. Colletotrichum isolates were obtained from each symptom on PDA (potato-desxtrosa-agar) medium. Isolates were classified in 3 groups based on symptoms similarities and colony morphology. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region revealed that isolates belonged to three Colletotrichum species: C. gloeosporioides sensu lato, C. magnum and C.capsici (C. truncatum). Species identification was confirmed using taxon-specific primer for C. gloeosporioides sensu lato and species-specific primer for C. magnum. Pathogenicity tests on papaya fruits showed that all species could induce anthracnose. C. magnum and C. capsici species are registered for the first time in Costa Rica as causal anthracnose pathogens in papaya.
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Palabras clave
Poscosecha, C. magna, Complejo C. Gloeosporioides, Patogenicidad, Caracterización molecular, Postharvest, C. magna, C. gloeosporioides species complex, Pathogenicity, Molecular characterization, 634.417 286 Frutas anonáceas