Determinación de la resistencia a la compresión de la mampostería a partir de variaciones de resistencia del bloque, resistencia de mortero y patrón de relleno en Costa Rica
Fecha
2024
Tipo
tesis de maestría
Autores
Ramírez Villalba, Andrea
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Resumen
El Código Sísmico de Costa Rica 2014 define la resistencia a la compresión de la mampostería f′m de manera proporcional a la resistencia a la compresión del del bloque f′b, del mortero f′mor y del concreto de relleno f′g. Sin embargo, desde hace más de 20 años han realizado investigaciones a nivel internacional que demuestran que no se trata de una relación directamente proporcional en todos los casos y se han generado correlaciones entre la resistencia a la compresión de la mampostería f′m y la de los materiales que la componen.
Para esta investigación se ensayaron a compresión 117 prismas de mampostería, clasificados en 36 grupos, cada grupo corresponde a una combinación dada de variables de los componentes. Se contemplaron 3 resistencias esperadas de f′b, morteros tipo S y tipo N, 2 resistencias esperadas de f′g y 3 anchos de bloque, de 20 cm, 15 cm y 12 cm. De forma paralela se midió la resistencia de los bloques, morteros y concretos de rellenos utilizados en la construcción de los prismas, todos los ensayos se realizaron de acuerdo con las normas ASTM e INTE correspondientes.
Del análisis realizado se generaron dos correlaciones para la resistencia a la compresión de la mampostería f′m análogas a las planteadas en la tabla 2 de la especificación TMS 402/602. La primera relaciona la resistencia f′m y la resistencia f′b haciendo distinción según el uso de morteros tipo S y tipo N. La segunda correlación no hace distinción por tipo de mortero.
A su vez, se realizó un análisis de la variación de la resistencia de la mampostería f′m respecto a cada variable en estudio. Estas variaciones se analizaron también estadísticamente. Se generaron gráficos y tendencias para cada correlación que se pudieron contrastar con investigaciones realizadas a nivel internacional.
The 2014 Costa Rica Seismic Code defines the compressive strength of masonry f′m proportionally to the compressive strength of the block f′b, the mortar f′mor and the grout f′g. However, for more than 20 years, international research has been carried out that shows that this relationship is not directly proportional in all cases, and correlations have been generated between the compressive strength of masonry f′m and that of the materials that compose it. For this investigation, compression tests were done for 117 masonry prisms, classified into 36 groups, each group corresponding to a given combination of component variables. 3 expected resistances of f′b, type S and type N mortars, 2 expected resistances of f′g and 3 block widths: 20 cm, 15 cm, and 12 cm, were considered. In parallel, the resistance of the blocks, mortars and grouts used in the construction of the prisms were measured; all tests were carried out in accordance with the corresponding ASTM and INTE standards. From the analysis that was carried out, two correlations were generated for the compressive strength of the masonry f′m, analogous to those presented in Table 2 of the TMS 402/602 specification. The first one relates the resistance f′m and the resistance f′b making a distinction according to the use of type S and type N mortars. The second correlation does not make a distinction by type of mortar. Additionally, an analysis of the variation of the masonry resistance f′m with respect to each variable under study was carried out. These variations were also analyzed statistically. Graphs and trends were generated for each correlation which were contrasted with research carried out internationally
The 2014 Costa Rica Seismic Code defines the compressive strength of masonry f′m proportionally to the compressive strength of the block f′b, the mortar f′mor and the grout f′g. However, for more than 20 years, international research has been carried out that shows that this relationship is not directly proportional in all cases, and correlations have been generated between the compressive strength of masonry f′m and that of the materials that compose it. For this investigation, compression tests were done for 117 masonry prisms, classified into 36 groups, each group corresponding to a given combination of component variables. 3 expected resistances of f′b, type S and type N mortars, 2 expected resistances of f′g and 3 block widths: 20 cm, 15 cm, and 12 cm, were considered. In parallel, the resistance of the blocks, mortars and grouts used in the construction of the prisms were measured; all tests were carried out in accordance with the corresponding ASTM and INTE standards. From the analysis that was carried out, two correlations were generated for the compressive strength of the masonry f′m, analogous to those presented in Table 2 of the TMS 402/602 specification. The first one relates the resistance f′m and the resistance f′b making a distinction according to the use of type S and type N mortars. The second correlation does not make a distinction by type of mortar. Additionally, an analysis of the variation of the masonry resistance f′m with respect to each variable under study was carried out. These variations were also analyzed statistically. Graphs and trends were generated for each correlation which were contrasted with research carried out internationally
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RESISTENCIA, COMPRESIÓN, MAMPOSTERÍA, NORMA, CONCRETO, COSTA RICA