Descripción y clave dicotómica de plántulas de especies de palmas (Arecaceae) nativas de la Reserva Biológica Tirimbina, Costa Rica, con observaciones generales sobre propagación e historia natural
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Ley López, Juan Manuel
Morales Sánchez, Carlos
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Abstract
Las palmas son uno de los principales componentes de los bosques tropicales; no obstante, existe muy poca información disponible para identificar plántulas. En este trabajo desarrollamos una clave dicotómica con fotografías y descripciones detalladas de plántulas de las especies de palmas nativas en una reserva biológica de las tierras bajas del Caribe costarricense. Los caracteres principales para reconocer especies son la forma y el tamaño de las semillas, disposición de las hojuelas, presencia de púas, márgenes de la lámina, textura y mediciones detalladas de algunas partes de la hoja. Debido a caracteres únicos, 13 de las 27 especies nativas pueden reconocerse fácilmente; otras 13 especies requieren de mediciones detalladas o el desarrollo de 4 a 8 hojas para poder diferenciarlas de especies similares.
Palms are one of the main components of a tropical forest, however little is known about the recognition of their seedlings. In this study we elaborate a key with detailed photos and descriptions for the seedlings of the native palms in a reserve of the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica. Main characteristics for the recognition of species are seed form and size, leaflets arrangement on the rachis, presence of thorns, leaf margins, texture, and measurements of the leaf. The unique characteristics of 13 out of 27 native species are easily recognized. In contrast, other 13 species require detailed measurements or the development of at least 4 to 8 leaves in order to distinguish them from other species.
Palms are one of the main components of a tropical forest, however little is known about the recognition of their seedlings. In this study we elaborate a key with detailed photos and descriptions for the seedlings of the native palms in a reserve of the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica. Main characteristics for the recognition of species are seed form and size, leaflets arrangement on the rachis, presence of thorns, leaf margins, texture, and measurements of the leaf. The unique characteristics of 13 out of 27 native species are easily recognized. In contrast, other 13 species require detailed measurements or the development of at least 4 to 8 leaves in order to distinguish them from other species.
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Keywords
Arecaceae, Clave dicotómica, Plántulas, Costa Rica, Dichotomous key, Seedlings