Estrés y Depresión: Hipótesis Neuroendocrinas
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Brenes Sáenz, Juan Carlos
Rodríguez Villagra, Odir Antonio
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Abstract
La hipótesis que ha dominado el conocimiento de la depresión durante los últimos 50 años (hipótesis de las monoaminas), está siendo desplazada por el desarrollo de otros modelos psicobiológicos. Uno de los modelos más importantes es el de la disfunción del eje hipotalámico – hipofisiario – suprarrenal (HHS), que relaciona los acontecimientos estresantes de la vida con un proceso subyacente de sensibilización, condicionamiento y plasticidad nerviosa. La participación de sistemas moduladores complementarios a la actividad del eje HHS (el factor liberador de corticotrofina, los receptores de los glucocorticoides y la arginina vasopresina) y la evidencia que vincula al mismo con una alteración en los niveles de serotonina, noradrenalina y dopamina, fortalecen las hipótesis neuroendocrinas de la depresión.
The hypothesis that has dominated the knowledge of the depression during the last 50 years (hypothesis of monoamines), is being displaced by the development of other psychobiological models. The hypothalamic – pituitary– adrenal axis (HPA) dysfunction, is one of the most important new models that relates aversive life events to an underlying process of sensitivity, conditioning and nervous plasticity. The participation of HPA axis complementary modulators activity (corticotrophin release factor, the glucocorticoid receptors and the vasopressin feedback regulation) and the evidence that related this axis with a serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine alterati on levels, fortifies the neuroendocrinological hypotheses of depression.
The hypothesis that has dominated the knowledge of the depression during the last 50 years (hypothesis of monoamines), is being displaced by the development of other psychobiological models. The hypothalamic – pituitary– adrenal axis (HPA) dysfunction, is one of the most important new models that relates aversive life events to an underlying process of sensitivity, conditioning and nervous plasticity. The participation of HPA axis complementary modulators activity (corticotrophin release factor, the glucocorticoid receptors and the vasopressin feedback regulation) and the evidence that related this axis with a serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine alterati on levels, fortifies the neuroendocrinological hypotheses of depression.
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Keywords
Estrés, Depresión, Sistema neuroendocrino, Monoaminas, Stress, Depression, Neuroendocrine system, Monoamines
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https://biblat.unam.mx/es/revista/humanitas-revista-de-investigacion/articulo/estres-y-depresion-hipotesis-neuroendocrinas