Fósforo en el sistema de frijol tapado
Loading...
Date
Authors
Meléndez, Gloria
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Costa Rica
Abstract
Fósforo en el sistema de frijol tapado. Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de roca fosfórica sobre la disponibilidad de fósforo en el suelo y la producción y calidad de la biomasa vegetal en el cultivo de frijol tapado. Se determinaron los contenidos de nutrimentos y los patrones de liberación de fósforo en algunas plantas presentes en los tapaderos: Paira (Melanthera aspera), Mirasol (Baltimora recta), Helecho (Pteridium aqui/¡num), Escobilla (Sida rhombifolia), Calinguero (Melinis minutif/ora), Prima Hermana (Elvira bif/ora), Santa Lucia (Ageratum conizoides) y Moriseco (Bidens pilosa). El experimento se realizó en Bajo Los Arias, cantón de Acosta, Costa Rica. A corto plazo, los resultados muestran una respuesta a la aplicación de roca fosfórica (RF) tanto en el mantenimiento de niveles más altos de fósforo disponible en el suelo, como en el mayor rendimiento de frijol por unidad de fósforo agregado, comparado al tratamiento sin RF. A largo plazo, el efecto residual de la RF incide sobre la regeneración de la vegetación en términos de mayor producción de residuos vegetales, mejor aprovechamiento del fósforo y mayor absorción de nutrimentos. Los patrones de liberación de fósforo en las plantas estudiadas no muestran la misma tendencia que los contenidos totales de este elemento en la vegetación. Este trabajo indica que no todas las plantas descomponen y mineralizan fósforo rápidamente pese a sus altos contenidos de fósforo total y viceversa. Esta conclusión lleva importantes implicaciones al reciclaje de fósforo y a la selección y enriquecimiento de las especies presentes en el barbecho para frijol tapado.
Phosphorus in the slash/mulch bean system. Rock phosphate effect on soil phosphorus availability and vegetation biomass was evaluated in the slash/mulch bean (frijol tapado) system. Nutrient content and release of inorganic phosphorus pattem was studied in some of the plants frequently found in the field underthe slash/mulch bean system: Paira (Melanthera aspera), Mirasol (Baltimora recta), Helecho ( Pteridium aqui/inum), Escobilla (Sida rhombifolia), Calinguero (Melinis minutiflora), Prima Hermana (Elvira bif/ora), Santa Lucía (Ageratum conizoides) and Moriseco (Bidens pilosa). This study was performed in Bajo Los Arias, Acosta county, Costa Rica. Results, in a short period, show there is an answer to rock phosphate treatment both in the maintenance of higher levels of soil available phosphorus and a higher yield of bean seed for unit of phosphorus added as compared to the control without rock phosphate. The residual effect, in a more extended period, deals with fallow regeneration in the sense of enhanced production of biomass, better utilization of phosphorus and nutrient intake for the bean plant. the phosphorus release patterns of the studied plants are not related to the total content of the element in such plants. This study show that not all the plants decompose and mineralize organic phosphorus fast or slowly despite their high or low contents. This conclusion leads to important considerations respect to the phosphorus cycling and the selection and enrichment of the fallow with some of the species normally present in the slash/mulch system.
Phosphorus in the slash/mulch bean system. Rock phosphate effect on soil phosphorus availability and vegetation biomass was evaluated in the slash/mulch bean (frijol tapado) system. Nutrient content and release of inorganic phosphorus pattem was studied in some of the plants frequently found in the field underthe slash/mulch bean system: Paira (Melanthera aspera), Mirasol (Baltimora recta), Helecho ( Pteridium aqui/inum), Escobilla (Sida rhombifolia), Calinguero (Melinis minutiflora), Prima Hermana (Elvira bif/ora), Santa Lucía (Ageratum conizoides) and Moriseco (Bidens pilosa). This study was performed in Bajo Los Arias, Acosta county, Costa Rica. Results, in a short period, show there is an answer to rock phosphate treatment both in the maintenance of higher levels of soil available phosphorus and a higher yield of bean seed for unit of phosphorus added as compared to the control without rock phosphate. The residual effect, in a more extended period, deals with fallow regeneration in the sense of enhanced production of biomass, better utilization of phosphorus and nutrient intake for the bean plant. the phosphorus release patterns of the studied plants are not related to the total content of the element in such plants. This study show that not all the plants decompose and mineralize organic phosphorus fast or slowly despite their high or low contents. This conclusion leads to important considerations respect to the phosphorus cycling and the selection and enrichment of the fallow with some of the species normally present in the slash/mulch system.
Description
Memorias del taller internacional sobre Bajo Fósforo en el cultivo del frijol, 13 al 15 de noviembre de 1995. Compilación y edición de Rodolfo Araya Villalobos.