Experiencias educativas en el museo: la visita guiada en la educación formal
Fecha
2024
Tipo
tesis de maestría
Autores
Arguedas Abarca, María Fernanda
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Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo elaborar una Guía Didáctica para el personal de museos enfocada en grupos escolares de II ciclo de Educación General Básica, para el mejoramiento de su función mediadora entre el espacio museográfico y la visita guiada escolar. La investigación se llevó a cabo en las instalaciones de los Museos del Banco Central de Costa Rica, específicamente en el Museo de Oro. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con técnicas como revisión documental, observación no participante de visitas guiadas, entrevistas a estudiantes, personal docente y a las personas guías del museo. En total se obtuvo una muestra de 7 grupos escolares de escuelas públicas y privadas, provenientes de zonas urbanas y rurales. En los resultados se evidenciaron los recursos y las técnicas más utilizadas por las personas guías, las áreas que fueron más interesantes para los grupos, así como aquellas recomendaciones de nuevas actividades para futuras visitas. A partir de esta información se elaboró una Guía de Recursos Didácticos divida en tres etapas: la previsita, la visita y las posvisita. En cada una se incluyeron aspectos a considerar para una visita interactiva. En la etapa de visita se incluyó un apartado con recomendaciones para los diferentes tipos de dispositivo (maqueta, diorama, paneles, objetos arqueológicos e históricos, recursos audiovisuales y video). Al final se elaboró una Guía que contempló la sistematización de las actividades realizadas por las personas guías del Museo del Oro Precolombino de los MBCCR y sugerencias de nuevas propuestas de actividades que promuevan la interacción y la participación de los grupos escolares.
The objective of this research work is to elaborate a Didactic Guide for museum guides focused on school groups of the II cycle of Basic General Education, for the improvement of the role of the guide person as a mediator between the museum space and the school guided tour. The research was carried out in the building of the Museums of the Central Bank of Costa Rica, specifically in the Gold Museum. A qualitative methodology was used with techniques such as documentary review, non-participant observation of guided tours, interviews with students and teachers, interviews with museum guides and interviews with specialists in museum education. In total, a sample of 7 school groups from public and private schools, from urban and rural areas, was obtained. The results showed the resources and techniques most used by the guides, the areas that were most interesting for the groups, as well as recommendations for new activities for future visits. From this information, a Teaching Resources Guide was prepared, divided into three stages: the pre-visit, the visit and the post-visit. In each one, aspects to consider for an interactive visit were included. In the visit stage, a section was included with recommendations for the different types of device (model, diorama, panels, archaeological and historical objects, audiovisual resources and video). In the end, a guide was prepared that included the systematization of the activities carried out by the MBCCR guides and suggestions for new activity proposals that promote interaction and participation in the students.
The objective of this research work is to elaborate a Didactic Guide for museum guides focused on school groups of the II cycle of Basic General Education, for the improvement of the role of the guide person as a mediator between the museum space and the school guided tour. The research was carried out in the building of the Museums of the Central Bank of Costa Rica, specifically in the Gold Museum. A qualitative methodology was used with techniques such as documentary review, non-participant observation of guided tours, interviews with students and teachers, interviews with museum guides and interviews with specialists in museum education. In total, a sample of 7 school groups from public and private schools, from urban and rural areas, was obtained. The results showed the resources and techniques most used by the guides, the areas that were most interesting for the groups, as well as recommendations for new activities for future visits. From this information, a Teaching Resources Guide was prepared, divided into three stages: the pre-visit, the visit and the post-visit. In each one, aspects to consider for an interactive visit were included. In the visit stage, a section was included with recommendations for the different types of device (model, diorama, panels, archaeological and historical objects, audiovisual resources and video). In the end, a guide was prepared that included the systematization of the activities carried out by the MBCCR guides and suggestions for new activity proposals that promote interaction and participation in the students.
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Palabras clave
museo arqueológico, visita a museos, educación no formal, antropología de la educación, persona guía de museo