Sistemas de creencias parentales y orientación cultural en niños y niñas en cuidado transitorio: estudio de caso en una aldea gubernamental en Costa Rica
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Durán Delgado, Esteban
Rosabal Coto, Mariano
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Abstract
En este artículo se presentan y discuten los hallazgos del estudio “Caracterización del estilo de crianza de los niños y las niñas en cuidado permanente en una Aldea Gubernamental: sistemas de creencias parentales y orientación cultural” (Durán-Delgado, 2012). La especificidad cultural del parentaje, en un contexto de cuidado en una institución de protección transitoria gubernamental, se analiza
desde estudios precedentes sobre particularidad cultural del parentaje en Costa Rica. Se discute cómo
el contexto y la cultura tienen una función homogenizante en lo que a trayectorias del desarrollo se
refiere. A partir de una aproximación metodológica sensible al contexto y un diseño mixto, se trabajó
en una institución de protección transitoria gubernamental. Se aplicaron entrevistas, escalas y observación etnográfica a niños, niñas y cuidadoras. A partir del estudio, se concluye que a pesar de la discontinuidad que el contexto institucional de cuidado ofrece, las trayectorias del desarrollo orientadas
a la relacionalidad autónoma, propias de la cultura, son exitosamente estimuladas y concretadas. Las
creencias y las prácticas de las cuidadoras muestran evidencia de una particularidad de un contexto
institucional de cuidado, así como también no dejan de inscribirse en las trayectorias de la cultura
local predominante. El estímulo a formas más autónomas del desarrollo en medio de un contexto de
la relacionalidad refleja la necesidad de estimular formas resilientes para esta población en particular
This paper discusses the findings of the study “Characterization of Parenting Style among Children in a PermanentCare State-Run Village: Parental Belief Systems and Cultural Orientation” (Duran-Delgado, 2012). The cultural specificity of parenting, in a context of institutional care in a semi –permanent publicly-run establishment is analyzed from the perspective of prior studies on the cultural peculiarities of parenting in Costa Rica. We discuss how the context and the culture have a homogenizing function with regards to trajectories for development. Based on a mixed-design context-sensitive methodological approach, we worked in a publicly-run institution for transitory care. Interviews, scales and ethnographic observation were carried out on the children and their care-takers. Based on the study, we conclude that in spite of the discontinuity offered by the institutional context, developmental trajectories oriented to the autonomous relationships typical of the culture are successfully stimulated and formed. The care-takers’ beliefs and practices show evidence of a peculiarity of the institutional context of care, as well as not allowing them to enlist in the trajectories of the predominant local culture. The stimulus towards more autonomous forms of development in the midst of the context of the relationships reflects the need for stimulating more resilient forms for this population in particular.
This paper discusses the findings of the study “Characterization of Parenting Style among Children in a PermanentCare State-Run Village: Parental Belief Systems and Cultural Orientation” (Duran-Delgado, 2012). The cultural specificity of parenting, in a context of institutional care in a semi –permanent publicly-run establishment is analyzed from the perspective of prior studies on the cultural peculiarities of parenting in Costa Rica. We discuss how the context and the culture have a homogenizing function with regards to trajectories for development. Based on a mixed-design context-sensitive methodological approach, we worked in a publicly-run institution for transitory care. Interviews, scales and ethnographic observation were carried out on the children and their care-takers. Based on the study, we conclude that in spite of the discontinuity offered by the institutional context, developmental trajectories oriented to the autonomous relationships typical of the culture are successfully stimulated and formed. The care-takers’ beliefs and practices show evidence of a peculiarity of the institutional context of care, as well as not allowing them to enlist in the trajectories of the predominant local culture. The stimulus towards more autonomous forms of development in the midst of the context of the relationships reflects the need for stimulating more resilient forms for this population in particular.
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Keywords
Psicología cultural del desarrollo, Parentaje y crianza en contextos institucionales, Orientación cultural y desarrollo infantil, Institución de protección transitoria gubernamental, Cuidado institucional, Hogares transitorios de cuidado, Developmental cultural psychology, Parenting and child rearing in institutional contexts, Parental belief systems, Cultural orientation and child development, Non-kinship homes, Temporary governmental institutional care, Creencias parentales
Citation
http://www.rcps-cr.org/openjournal/index.php/RCPs/article/view/111