Protocolo de Manejo de Vértigo Periférico en Servicios de Emergencias
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Buitrago Mata, Mónica
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Abstract
El paradigma de diagnóstico predominante para la valoración del mareo en los pacientes del departamento de emergencias, se basa en la calidad o el tipo de síntoma de mareo.
Investigaciones recientes sugieren que la lógica subyacente a este enfoque tradicional es defectuosa.
Un enfoque más nuevo basado en el momento y los desencadenantes del mareo probablemente ofrece un mejor enfoque diagnóstico.
Este nuevo enfoque utiliza categorías de activación temporal para definir el historial de cabecera y las técnicas de examen físico específicas para diferenciar las causas benignas de las peligrosas.
Los exámenes de movimientos oculares basados en evidencias discriminan con precisión el VPPB (prueba de Dix-Hallpike) y la neuritis vestibular (prueba de HINTS) de las patologías centrales peligrosas como el accidente cerebrovascular.
Las investigaciones futuras deben buscar estudiar prospectivamente el nuevo enfoque para el mareo por su precisión diagnóstica general, eficiencia de recursos e impacto en los resultados de salud.
The predominant diagnostic paradigm for diagnosing dizziness in emergency department (EMS) patients is based on the quality or type of dizziness symptom. Recent research suggests that the logic underlying this traditional approach is flawed. A newer approach based on the timing and triggers of dizziness probably offers a better diagnostic approach. This new approach uses temporal trigger categories to define bedside history and specific physical examination techniques to differentiate benign from dangerous causes. Evidence-based eye movement tests accurately discriminate BPPV (Dix-Hallpike test) and vestibular neuritis (HINTS test) from dangerous central mimics like stroke. Future research should seek to prospectively study the new approach to motion sickness for its overall diagnostic accuracy, resource efficiency, and impact on health outcomes.
The predominant diagnostic paradigm for diagnosing dizziness in emergency department (EMS) patients is based on the quality or type of dizziness symptom. Recent research suggests that the logic underlying this traditional approach is flawed. A newer approach based on the timing and triggers of dizziness probably offers a better diagnostic approach. This new approach uses temporal trigger categories to define bedside history and specific physical examination techniques to differentiate benign from dangerous causes. Evidence-based eye movement tests accurately discriminate BPPV (Dix-Hallpike test) and vestibular neuritis (HINTS test) from dangerous central mimics like stroke. Future research should seek to prospectively study the new approach to motion sickness for its overall diagnostic accuracy, resource efficiency, and impact on health outcomes.
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Vértigo