Análisis comparativo de sistemas de siembra y combate de malezas en camote (Ipomoea batatas (L.) LAMB)
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Fecha
1987
Autores
González U., William G.
González Mora, Walter
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Editor
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Se evaluó el efecto de cuatro sistemas de siembra y dos métodos de combate de malas hierbas, sobre el rendimiento y rentabilidad del camote (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) clón C-15” en la Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit M., Alajuela, Casta Rica, de setiembre de 1982 a marzo de 1983. Los tratamientos correspondieron a combinaciones de los sistemas de siembra y los métodos de combate de malas hierbas, y se distribuyeron de acuerdo al Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar, con cuatro repeticiones. Los sistemas de siembra consistieron en variar el número de hileras de plantas sobre el lomillo (una, dos o tres) y el ancho del lomillo (0,75 m; 1,00 m; 1,20 m), a usar eras con tres hileras de plantas; el ancho de la era fue constante (1,20 m). Los métodos de combate de malezas fueron físico (deshierba o aporca) y químico (aplicación de linurón en dosis de 2 kg i.a./ha, en preemergencia. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos en la producción total de follaje verde a la cosecha y en el número y peso de raíces comerciales. Se obtuvo con los lomillos a una distancia de 0,75 m, a una hilera de plantas y aplicación de linurón, produjeron el menor número y peso de raíces no comerciales y la mayor rentabilidad ; los otros tratamientos incrementaron el costo y disminuyeron el beneficio. El sistema de siembra con deshierbas y aporca a los 20 y 40 días después de la siembra, tuvo el menor incremento porcentual en el costo respecto al tratamiento anterior.
The effect of four planting systems and two weed control methods on sweet potato (cultivar C-15) yield and profitability were evaluated in Alajuela-Costa Rica. The treatments, distributed according to the Complete Randomized Block Design with four replications, corresponded to de combination of the planting systems and weed control methods. Different bed shapes and widths (0.75 m, 1.00 m, 1.20 m) and number of plants per row (one, two or three) were used as planting systems. Beds were hand prepared; but soil was plowed and dragged mechanically. The weed control methods used were physical (hand weeding and hilling) and chemical (preemergence application of linuron at the rate of 2 kg a.i./ha). The experiment was conducted from September 1982 through March 1983. There were no treatment effects on total production of fresh foliage and number and weight of marketable roots at harvest time. The 0.75 m wide rows with one plant with the linuron application produced the smallest number and lowest weight of unmarketable roots, therefore the highest profitability. The other treatments increased the cost and decreased the profit. The 0.75 m wide with one plant, hand weeding and hilling at 20 and 40 days after the planting, had the smaller cost increment percentage respect to previous treatment.
The effect of four planting systems and two weed control methods on sweet potato (cultivar C-15) yield and profitability were evaluated in Alajuela-Costa Rica. The treatments, distributed according to the Complete Randomized Block Design with four replications, corresponded to de combination of the planting systems and weed control methods. Different bed shapes and widths (0.75 m, 1.00 m, 1.20 m) and number of plants per row (one, two or three) were used as planting systems. Beds were hand prepared; but soil was plowed and dragged mechanically. The weed control methods used were physical (hand weeding and hilling) and chemical (preemergence application of linuron at the rate of 2 kg a.i./ha). The experiment was conducted from September 1982 through March 1983. There were no treatment effects on total production of fresh foliage and number and weight of marketable roots at harvest time. The 0.75 m wide rows with one plant with the linuron application produced the smallest number and lowest weight of unmarketable roots, therefore the highest profitability. The other treatments increased the cost and decreased the profit. The 0.75 m wide with one plant, hand weeding and hilling at 20 and 40 days after the planting, had the smaller cost increment percentage respect to previous treatment.